Vocabulary and Structure

　　Directions: For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.

　　1. You might have the accident if you had had your headlights on.

　　A. missed B. avoided C. escaped D. dismissed

　　2. The streets were deserted the policeman on duty.

　　A. except B. except for C. but D. besides

　　3. It said that he murder.

　　A. committed B. conducted C. executed D. emitted

　　4. If the sun in the west, I would follow you.

　　A. were to rise B. was to rise C. had risen D. would rise

　　5. He let me use his computer and return I treated him to dinner.

　　A. for B. as C. in D. of

　　6. It was not until she has arrived home remembered her appointment with the doctor.

　　A. when she B. that she C. and she D. she

　　7. We didn’t know his telephone number; otherwise we him.

　　A. had telephone B. would telephone

　　C. must have telephoned D. would have telephoned

　　8. Don’t risk the chance which so many people dream of.

　　A. losing B. to lose C. lost D. your life to lose

　　9. I see no in leaving my company since I am doing quite well there.

　　A. reason B. excuse C. point D. chance

　　10. to speak when the audience interrupted him.

　　A. Hardly had he begun B. No sooner had he begun

　　C. Not until he began D. Scarcely did he begin

　　11. He finished reading and went on a composition.

　　A. write B. to write C. writing D. being written

　　12. for your help, we’d never have been able to get over the difficulties.

　　A. Had it not B. If it were not C. had it not been D. If we had not been

　　13. Now the committee seven members.

　　A. consist of B. is consisting of C. is consisted of D. consists of

　　14. There are no seats for those who are late for the show.

　　A. available B. enough C. supplied D. make

　　15. The problem at the meeting next week is of great importance.

　　A. discussed B. to be discussed C. being discussed D. discussing

　　16. The trip will be till next week because of the bad weather.

　　A. put out B. put off C. put on D. put up

　　17. It is recommended that the project until all the preparations have been made.

　　A. not be started B. will not be started

　　C. is not started D. is not to be started

　　18. It’s time about the traffic problem downtown.

　　A. something was done B. anything will be done

　　C. everything is done D. nothing to be done

　　19. John is determined to carry out the very important experiment happens, he will not change his plan.

　　A. That B. Whatever C. What D. Wherever

　　20. at the station, John found the train had just left.

　　A. On reaching B. On arrival C. At reaching D. At arrival

　　21. Soon he got his difficulties and succeeded.

　　A. across B. away C. over D. through

　　22. he had forgot to take his notebook.

　　A. That occurred to him B. To him that occurred

　　C. He occurred that D. It occurred to him that

　　23. They discussed the problem three or four times and finally came to .

　　A. end B. conclusion C. result D. judgment

　　24.It around nine o’clock when I drove back home because it was already dark.

　　A. had to be B. was to be C. must have been D. must be

　　25. I’d rather that you tomorrow than today.

　　A. came B. will come C. had come D. is coming

　　26. I wish I to study English years ago.

　　A. had started B. started C. could start D. would start

　　27. I doubt .

　　A. whether he can come B. if he can come or not

　　C. while he will be here D. that he will come

　　28. The children were surprised when the teacher had them their books unexpectedly.

　　A. closed B. to close C. closing D. close

　　29. It is not use .

　　A. to buy books and not to read them B. buying books and not to read them

　　C. buying books and not reading them D. to buy books and not reading them

　　30. This is the place the foreign guests are going to visit

　　A. where B. when C. how D. which

　　Part Ⅱ词汇语法解析

　　1、B 本题测试的是词义辨析。本句的意思是：“如果你开着前灯，你本可以避免车祸的发生。” 给出的四个答案中， A. miss 是“错过，避免”的意思，例如：The two planes missed disaster by a few inches when they nearly collided. B. avoid的意思是“避免发生某事”(prevent sth from happening)，例如：I turned to the side of the road to avoid a collision. C. escape 做及物动词是“(人)逃避，避开”的意思，例如：We go south to escape the winter. D. dismiss (from) 是“解雇，开除，遣散”的意思，比较正式，例如：If you are late again, you’ll be dismissed (from your job). 选项A、B、C、都有“避免”的意思，但只有B avoid 含有采取主观行动避免灾难发生的意思。

　　2、A/B 本题的意思是：“除了值班的警察，街道空无一人。”本题考察的是词组辨析。Except 含有“除…之外”或“除了”的意思时，用于非同类事物进行比较, 通常用作介词而不是连词,人称代词用于except 之后时通常用宾格，如果强调极其特殊的、极少数的例外情况，常与for连用。but的意思是“除了”，常常连接两个并列人称作主语，例如：No one has read it but me.或者No one but me has read it. Besides的意思是“除……以外，还有……”，介词，指“在整体中加入一部分”，表示递加的概念，含义是肯定的。就此分析A或B均可,只是B用法更习惯一些。

　　3、A 本题测试的是词义辨析。本句的意思是：“据说他犯了谋杀罪。” A. commit 是“犯(错误、罪刑)”的意思，宾语常常是表示罪名的词，如：commit a crime/a sin/suicide/murder. B. conduct 是“指挥、领导”的意思，如：conduct a meeting C. execute 是“执行、实行”的意思，如：execute the decisions of the government D. emit 是“发射、发出”的意识，如：a stove emitting heat

　　4、A 本题测试的是if从句的虚拟语气。本题的意思是：“如果太阳从东边升起，我就听你的。” If从句表示与将来的事实可能相反(对将来的事实实现的可能性不大)的结构是从句：If + 主语 + should (或were) + 动词原形(were +动词不定式) +…… 主句：主语 + would (could, should, might) + 动词原形 +……

　　5、C 本题测试的是词组的固定搭配，in return 是固定搭配，意思是“作为回报或回复的”， 本句的意思是：“他让我用他的电脑，作为回报我请他吃晚饭。”其他词并无此搭配。

　　6、B 本题测试的是强调句型“It is (was)…that\who…”当强调的是人的时候用who ,其他都用that;who和that都不能省略。本句的意思是：“直到回到家，她才想起与医生的约会。”强调的是时间状语 “直到她回到家”，所以应选 that。

　　7、D would have done sth与must have done sth都表示对过去时间里可能发生的事情的推测后者语气较强，具有"肯定"，"务必"的意思;前者有 “本来要/会”的意思。本句的意思是：“我们不知道他的电话号码，否则我们本来会打电话给他的。”所以应选D

　　8、A 本题测试的是risk v. sth/doing sth的用法，例如：By criticizing the boss he risked losing his job. 本句的意思是：“不要冒险失去这个许多人梦寐以求的机会。”，根据句意，此事不至于危及生命，所以D选项不合逻辑，并且 “冒着生命危险做事”应表述为risk one’s life doing sth, 例如：She risked her life trying to save the drowning child. 所以本题应选 A

　　9、C 本题测试的是搭配。A reason 是“原因，理由”的意思，应与“to do”搭配，例如：They have said the new product will be a success, and I see no reason to doubt it. B excuse 是“借口、理由”的意思，应与“for doing sth”或者“to do sth”搭配，例如：his excuse for being late; to think of an excuse to leave C point 有“目的、好处”之意，与“in/of doing sth”搭配。例如：I see no point in trying to persuade him—he’ll never change his mind. D chance 是“机会、可能”的意思，应与“to do sth” 搭配，例如：He had no chance to apologize. 所以应选C本句的意思是：“我在公司做得很好，看不出离开那有什么好处。”

　　10、A Hardly/Scarcely…when和no sooner…than…固定搭配，意义相当于as soon as,引导时间状语从句，表示过去发生的事情，主句为过去完成时，从句为过去时，如hardly或no sooner位于句首时语气强，而且主句的谓语要用部分倒装。当Not until引出主从复合句，主句部分倒装，not until从句不倒装，例如：Not until the early years of the 19th century did man know what heat is.

　　11、B本题测试的是go on doing sth和go on to do sth的区别，go on doing sth 是“继续做同一件事”的意思，go on to do sth是“(做完一件事后)继续做另一件事”的意思。本句的意思是：“他完成阅读后，继续写作文”，是做不同的事，所以应选B

　　12、C 本题测试的是虚拟过去时if从句的省略。虚拟过去时if 从句的谓语形式用过去完成时即had+过去分词，主句用would / should / could / might + have +过去分词，有时可以连词if 省去，而将had , should, were 等词提到主语之前，即用倒装结构。 If it had not been for his help(=but for his help),we would not have succeeded.

　　13、D 本题测试的是主谓一致和词组consist of 的用法。committee 是集合名词，谓语动词可以用单数或复数，当委员会作为一个整体时，用单数谓语，例如：The committee controls school spending. 当强调委员会的成员个体时，用复数谓语。本句的意思是：“现在委员会由7名成员组成”，强调整体，所以用单数谓语。同时，consist of sth 不用进行时。此句虽然有now作为时间状语，但仍然用一般现在时。所以选D

　　14、A 本题测试的是词义辨析。本句的意思是：“现在没有空位给迟到的观众”。A available 是“可获得、可用的”的意思，可做后置定语，例如：shoes available in your size B enough “足够的”，用在复数或者不可数名词前。C supply 是“提供”的意思，用法是supply sb with sth/supply sth to sb, 不与for sb 搭配 D make 是动词原形，“制作、使成为”之意，在此句 中不能做定语。 所以应选A

　　15、B 本题测试的是非谓语动词作定语的用法，现在分词(D discussing)表示主动、并且正在发生，过去分词(A discussed)表示被动、已经结束的动作，动词不定式(to do)表示将要发生的动作，B to be discussed 是动词不定式的被动形式。

　　16、B本题目测试的是put与不同介词搭配的词组的意思。Put out 是“熄灭、出版”的意思;put off 是“推迟”的意思;put on 是“穿上、假装”的意思;put up 是“举起”的意思。本句的意思是：“因为天气不好，旅行推迟到下周”。所以选B

　　17、A在英语中的表示“命令、要求、建议”等的词，往往要用虚拟语气，例如：recommend/recommendation, require/requirement ,advise/advice, suggest/suggestion等等。虚拟语气结构是should+动词原形，should可省略。本句的意思是“建议做好所有准备之后再开始这项工程”。

　　18、A It’s (high, about) time that 句型中that从句中要求用虚拟语气形式，即动词要用过去式。

　　19、B whatever 是“不管什么”的意思，既可以引导名词性从句，也可以引导让步状语从句。引导让步状语从句时相当于“No matter what”，例如：Whatever/No matter what we said, he'd disagree. 但是，that, what不能引导让步状语从句，wherever可以引导让步状语从句，相当于“no matter where”, 但是where和wherever是副词，不能同时做从句的主语，只能做地点状语，如：He seems to make enemies wherever he goes. 所以选择B，本句的意思是：“约翰决心完成那项重要的实验。无论发生什么事，他都不会改变计划。”

　　20、B本题测试的是reach 和arrive 的区别及on 的用法。Reach 是及物动词，arrive是不及物动词，与介词at搭配，arrival是arrive的名词，也需与at 搭配，如：arrive (arrival) at/ reach the station。On sth/doing sth 表示“一……就……”，例如：On entering the room, she saw him. 所以应选择B。本句的意思是：“他一到火车站就发现火车已经开走了。”

　　21、C 本题目测试的是get与不同介词搭配的词组的意思。Get across 是“使了解、使令人置信”的意思，例如：I have tried to get my point across. Get away是“脱身、离开”的意思，例如I’m sorry I’m late; I was in a meeting and couldn’t get away. Get over是“克服、战胜(困难)”的意思，例如：How shall we get over this difficulty. Get through是“使成功、使通过考试”的意思，例如We were all delighted when we heard you’d got through your exam. 所以应选C。本句的意思是：“不久他克服了困难，取得了成功。”

　　22、D本题测试的是occur的用法和it做形式主语。(an idea) occur to sb是“(主意)浮现在脑中、被想起”的意思。本句的意思是：“他想起忘带笔记本了。”that引导的主语从句是真正的主语，而大部分主语从句都可以用it作形式主语，特别是主句谓语动词是 appear, turn out, happen, occur, come, strike, follow, matter 等时一般用it作形式主语，例如：It happened that she had a cold and didn't go with us that day. It turned out that I was wrong. 所以应选D

　　23、B本题测试的是词组come to a conclusion和come to an end. Come to /draw/reach a conclusion是“得出结论”的意思，例如：We come to the conclusion that she was telling the truth. Come to an end是“结束”的意思，主语应是sth，例如：At last the war came to an end. Result和judgment不与come to搭配。所以应选B。本句的意思是：“他们讨论这个问题三四次，最终得出结论。”

　　24、C must have done表示对过去发生事情的推测。本句的意思是“我开车回家时应该是九点左右，因为天已经黑了。”

　　25、A 本题测试的是would rather的宾语从句的时态。Would rather的宾语从句要用一般过去时。

　　26、A wish的宾语从句要用虚拟语气。表示对过去的愿望时，从句要用过去完成时。本句的意思是：“我多么希望我几年前就已经开始学英语了。”

　　27、A/D 本题测试的是宾语从句的引导词和whether/if的区别。Doubt是“怀疑”的意思，肯定句的宾语从句用that/whether/if引导，否定句用that引导，例如：I doubt that/whether/if she will get the job. I don’t doubt that she is telling the truth. 另外，whether可以与or not连用，而if不可以。所以可以选A/D

　　28、D 本题测试的是have作为使役动词的用法。Have sb do sth是“让某人做某事”的意思。本句的意思是：“老师意外地让孩子们合上书，孩子们感到很惊讶。”

　　29、C 本题测试的是句型It is no use doing sth。当动名词短语作主语时常用it作形式主语，例如： It's no use quarrelling. It is no use crying over spilt milk. 本句的意思是：“买书却不读是没有益处的。”

　　30、D 本题测试的是定语从句的关联词。本句的意思是：“这里是外国客人将要访问的地方。”先行词the place要做从句动词visit的宾语，所以只能用关系代词which。Where, when和how都是关系副词。