2018年成人学位英语考试模拟试题及答案（12）

　　I . Reading Comprehension

　　Directions: In this part there are four passages. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C,D. You are required to decide on the choice that best answers the question or completes the statement.

　　Passage1

　　In order to learn to be one's true self, it is necessary to obtain a wide and extensive knowledge of what has been said and done in the world; critically to inquire into it; carefully to consider it ; clearly to analyze it ; and earnestly to carry it out.

　　It matters not what you learn , but when you once learn a thing, you must never give it up until you have mastered it . It matters not what you inquire into, but when you once inquire into a thing, you must never give it until you have thoroughly understood it. It matters not what you try to think of , but when you once try to think of a thing , you must never give it up until you have got what you want. It matters not what you try to carry out, but when you once try to carry out a thing , you must never give it up until you have done it thoroughly and well.

　　( A ) 1. According to the author, first of all one must ___________ .

　　A. obtain knowledge B. analyze

　　C. inquire D. act

　　( C ) 2. When you try to do something , what matters is ___________ .

　　A. not to care too much about it B. to act immediately

　　C. to carry it through to the end D. to think carefully before you do it

　　( B ) 3. The end of learning should be ___________ .

　　A. thought B. mastery

　　C. inquiry D. analysis

　　( D ) 4. According to the author, another man's success should ________ .

　　A. not be taken into consideration B. make us nervous

　　C. cause one to stop trying D. spur us on to greater efforts

　　( A ) 5. The author implies but does not say that __________ .

　　A. success depends not so much on natural ability as it does on effort

　　B. the way to knowledge is through specialization

　　C. one has to know everything to be successful

　　D. success in one's profession is least important in one's life

　　Passage2

　　Earthquakes may rightly be ranked as one of the most destructive forces known to man: since records began to be written down, it has been estimated that earthquake—related fatalities have numbered in the millions, and that earthquake--related destruction has been beyond calculation. The greater part of such damage and loss of life has been due to falling down of buildings and the effects of rock slides, floods, fire, disease, gigantic sea waves, and other phenomena resulting from earthquakes, rather than from the quakes themselves.

　　The great majority of all earthquakes occur on two specific areas, along the coasts of the Pacific Ocean and from the East Indies to the Atlas Mountains. But they may, however, happen anywhere at any time.

　　This element of the unknown has for centuries added greatly to the fear and horror surrounding earthquakes, but in recent times there have been indications that earthquake prediction may be possible. By analyzing changes in animal behavior, patterns of movements in the earth's surface, and other unusual phenomena, scientists have shown increasing success in predicting when and where earthquakes will strike. As a result, a worldwide earthquake warning network is already in operation and has helped to prepare for the vast destruction that might otherwise have been totally unexpected.

　　It is doubtful that man will ever be able to control earthquakes and do away with the destructiveness altogether, but as how and why earthquakes happen become better understood, man will become more and more able to deal with their possible destruction before it occurs.

　　( B ) 1. Most destruction brought about by earthquakes is the results of the following

　　EXCEPT________ .

　　A. the collapsing of buildings and the fire it causes

　　B. the panic brought about by earthquakes

　　C. the floods and huge sea waves resulting from earthquakes

　　D. the disease that often follows earthquakes

　　( C )2. "This element of the unknown" (Para.3)" refer to the fact that ______ .

　　A. earthquake-related destruction has been beyond calculation

　　B. millions of people have died during earthquakes

　　C. earthquakes may occur anywhere at any time

　　D. there are other phenomena resulting from earthquakes

　　( B ) 3. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

　　A. Some of the natural phenomena are similarly destructive as earthquakes.

　　B. A worldwide earthquake warning network has not been put into use.

　　C. It seems possible now for scientists to predict when and where earthquakes

　　will occur.

　　D. Most earthquakes take place on some specific areas of the earth.

　　( D )4. The author believes that the prediction of earthquakes ________ .

　　A. should be more accurate in future B. is as a matter of fact impossible

　　C is really reliable D is of some help

　　( A )5. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that the author is chiefly interested in

　　________.

　　A. getting prepared and handling the possible destruction beforehand

　　B. controlling earthquakes

　　C. making earthquakes harmless

　　D. having a better understanding of earthquakes

　　Passage 3

　　Very high waves are destructive when they strike the land. Fortunately, this seldom happens. One reason is that out at sea, waves moving in one direction almost always run into waves moving in a different direction. The two sets of waves tend to cancel each other out. Another reason is that water is shallower near the shore. As a wave gets closer to land, the shallow bottom helps reduce its strength.

　　But the power of waves striking the shore can still be very great. During a winter gale, waves sometimes strike the shore with the force of 6000 pounds for each square foot. That means a wave, 25 feet high and 500 feet along its face, may strike the shore with a force of 75 million pounds.

　　Yet the waves, no matter how big or how violent, affect only the surface of the sea. During the most raging storms, the water a hundred fathoms (600 feet ) beneath the surface is just as calm as on a day without a breath of wind.

　　( D )1. According to the passage, destruction caused by high waves occurs ________ .

　　A. regularly B. always

　　C. predictably D. rarely

　　( A )2. We know from this passage that out at sea, when waves going in opposite directions meet, their force ________ .

　　A. is liable to lessen B. causes great damage

　　C. extends to the ocean floor D. increase rapidly

　　( B )3. It is clear from the passage that coastal depth ________ .

　　A. is the only factor influencing the strength of very high waves

　　B. influences the power of high waves

　　C. has no influence upon the strength of very high waves

　　D. is irrelevant to the question of the power of high waves

　　( C )4. From the second paragraph of the passage we know that the power of very high waves striking th shore is ________ .

　　A. constant B. equalize C. variable D. perpetual

　　( D )5. From your reading of the passage, which of the following is true?

　　A. At a depth of 1200 feet the effects of a violent surface storm are frightful.

　　B. A typhoon 500 miles out at sea can stir up the ocean floor.

　　C. If high waves can strike the shore with a horizontal force of 75 million pounds, the

　　vertical force of such waves can have an even greater effect upon the ocean floor.

　　D. A submarine commander navigating his vessel at a depth of 700 feet will not be affected by araging surface storm.