Some psychologists(心理学家) maintain that mental acts such as thinking are not performed in the brain alone, but that one' s muscles also participate. (76) It may be said that we think with our muscles in somewhat the same way that we listen to music with our bodies.

　　You surely are not surprised to be told that you usually listen to music not only with your ears but with your whole body. Few people can listen to music without moving their body or, more specifically, some part of their body. Often when one listens to a symphonic concert on the radio, he is attracted to direct the orchestra (乐队) even though he knows there is a good conductor on the job.

　　Strange as this behavior may be, there is a very good reason for it. One cannot derive all possible enjoyment from music unless he participates, so to speak, in its performance. The listener "feels" himself into the music with more or less noticeable motions of his body.

　　The muscles of the body actually participate in the mental process of thinking in the same way, but this participation is less obvious because it is less noticeable.

　　11. Some psychologists think that thinking is

　　A. not a mental process

　　B. more of a physical process than a mental action

　　C. a process that involves our entire bodies

　　D. a process that involves the muscles as well as the brain

　　12. The process of thinking and that of listening to music are similar in that

　　A. both are mental acts

　　B. muscles participate in both processes

　　C. both processes are performed by the entire body

　　D. we derive equal enjoyment from them

　　13. Few people are able to listen to familiar music without

　　A. moving some part of their body

　　B. stopping what they are doing to listen

　　C. directing the orchestra playing it

　　D. wishing that they could conduct music properly

　　14. The listener's way of "feeling" the music is

　　A. the unnoticed motion of his muscles

　　B. "participating" in the performance

　　C. bending an ear to the music

　　D. being the conductor of the orchestra

　　15. According to the passage, muscle participation in the process of thinking is

　　A. deliberate

　　B. Apparent

　　C. indistinct

　　D. impressive　参考答案：

　　Passage 1

　　1.D

　　2.D

　　3.A

　　4.C

　　5.D

　　Passage 2

　　6.B

　　7.C

　　8.C

　　9.B

　　10.B

　　Passage 3

　　11.D

　　12.B

　　13.A

　　14.B

　　15.C