Part II Reading Comprehension (40 points)

　　Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each of the passages is followed by 5 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.

　　Passage One

　　Are some people born clever and others born stupid? Or is intelligence developed by our environment and our experience? Strangely enough, the answer to these questions is yes. To some extent our intelligence is given us at birth, and no amount of special education can make a genius out of a child born with intelligence. On the other hand, a child who lives in a boring environment will develop his intelligence less than one who lives in rich and varied surroundings. Thus the limits of a person’s intelligence are fixed at birth, whether or not he reached those limits will depend on his environment. This view, now held by most experts, can be supported in a number of ways.

　　It is easy to show that intelligence is to some extent something we are born with. The closer the blood relationship between two people, the closer they are likely to be in intelligence. Thus if we take two unrelated people at random from the population it is likely that their degree of intelligence will be completely different. If, on the other hand, we take two identical twins, they will very likely be as intelligent as each other. Relations like brothers and sisters, parents and children, usually have similar intelligence, and this clearly suggests that intelligence depends on birth.

　　Imagine now that we take two identical twins and put them in different environments. We might send one, for example, to a university and the other to a factory where the work is boring. We would soon find differences in intelligence developing, and this indicates that environment as well as birth plays a part. This conclusion is also suggested by the fact that people who live in close contact with each other, but who are not related at all are likely to have similar degree of intelligence.

　　16. The writer is in favor of the view that man’s intelligence is given to him __________.

　　A. at birth

　　B. through education

　　C. both at birth and through education

　　D. more at birth than through education

　　17. If a child is born with low intelligence he can __________.

　　never become a genius

　　still become a genius if he should be given special education

　　exceed his intelligence limits in rich surroundings

　　not exceed his intelligence limits even in rich surroundings

　　18. In the second paragraph “if we take two unrelated people at random from the population--” means if we __________.

　　pick any two persons

　　take out two different persons

　　choose two persons who are relative

　　choose two persons with different intelligence

　　19. The example of the twins going to a university and to a factory separately shows __________.

　　the importance of their intelligence

　　the role of environment on intelligence

　　the importance of their position

　　the part that birth places

　　20. The best title of this passage can be __________.

　　Surroundings

　　Intelligence

　　Dependence on Environment

　　Effect of Education