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The world’s greatest snow-capped peaks,which run in a chain from the Himalayas

来源 :焚题库 2021-10-23

共享题干题【2017年真题】The world’s greatest snow-capped peaks,which run in a chain from the Himalayas to the Tianshan Mountains on the border of China and Kyrgyzstan, have lost no ice over the last decade, new research shows.
 The discovery has___(91) scientists, who had believed that around 50 billion tons of melted water were being shed each year and not being replaced by new snowfall.
 The study is the first to survey all the world's icecaps and glaciers and was made___(92) by the use of satellite data. Overall, the___(93) of melting ice outside the two largest caps  Greenland and Antarctica  is much___(94) than previously estimated, with the lack of______(95) loss in the Himalayas and the other high___(96) of Asia responsible for most of the discrepancy.
 Bristol University glaciologist Professor Jonathan Bamber said, “The very unexpected result was the______(97) mass loss from high mountains of Asia, which is not___(98) different from zero.”
 The melting of Himalayan glaciers caused___(99) in 2009 when a report from the UN's Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change mistakenly stated that they would disappear by 2035, instead of 2350.___(100), the scientist who led the new work is clear that while greater uncertainty has been discovered in Asia’s highest mountains,the melting of icecaps and glaciers around the world______(101) a serious concern.
 “Our results and those of everyone else show we are___(102) a huge amount of water into the oceans every year,” said Professor John Wahr of the University of Colorado.His team’s study concludes___(103) 443 to 629 billion tons of melted water overall are added to the worlds oceans each year. This is___(104) sea level by about 1.5 mm a year, the___(105) reports, in addition to the 2 mm a year caused by___(106) of the warming ocean.
 The scientists are___(107) to point out that lower-altitude glaciers in the Asian mountain ranges are___(108) melting. Satellite images and reports___(109)this. But over the study period from 2003 to 2010, enough ice was added to the peaks to___(110).

 

单选题第1题The discovery has___(91) scientists

A.reminded

B.stunned

C.concerned

D.worried

参考答案:B

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答案解析:本题考查语境推理。根据第1段中的“最 新研究显示, ……近十年来冰山不再消融了”和第2段中的″过去科学家们认为每年雪峰会流下约500亿吨的融水” ,可知本句意为“这一发现让科学家们很震惊” 。

 

单选题第2题The study is the first to survey all the world's icecaps and glaciers and was made___(92) by the use of satellite data.

A.hard

B.easy

C.possible

D.known

参考答案:C

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答案解析:本题考查语境推理。句子主干为the study was made_______by the use of sate…e data,属于被动语态,还原成主动语态为make sth.+adj.的结构,意为“使某物……” 。卫星数据的运用显然不会使研究变“难” ,所以排除A选项。 B选项使研究变得“简单” ,这个结论无从得出。 D选项使研究被“知晓” ,不符合上下文语义。故选C,卫星数据的运用使研究全球范围的冰山成为“可能” 。

 

单选题第3题the___(93) of melting

A.contribution

B.disappearance

C.supplement

D.provision

参考答案:B

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答案解析:本题考查语境推理。上文提到山峰上的冰雪并没有像科学家认为的那样融化,即融冰的消失。

 

单选题第4题is much___(94) than previously estimated

A.more

B.greater

C.less

D.fewer

参考答案:C

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答案解析:本题考查语法搭配。由上文可知,本句意为“融冰比预先估计的少多了” ,因此从意义上可先排除more和greater。从语法搭配上看, ice是不可数名词,需选择相应的比较级搭配,选择1ess最为恰当。

 

单选题第5题with the lack of______(95)

A.ice

B.snow

C.water

D.snowfall

参考答案:A

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答案解析:本题考查语境推理。根据上下文,可知此处对照了“格陵兰岛和南极洲”与“喜马拉雅山和其他亚洲高山”的融冰情况。根据上半句the disappearance of melting ice,可推知此处应填写与melting ice相近的词语,故snow loss符合文意。全句大意为“总之,除两大冰地格陵兰岛和南极洲融冰总量比预期少得多外;喜马拉雅山和其他亚洲高山融冰也较少,这是造成数据差异的主要原因”。  

 

单选题第6题loss in the Himalayas and the other high___(96) of Asia responsible for most of the discrepancy.

A.ranges

B.hills

C.peaks

D.mountains

参考答案:C

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答案解析:本题考查词义辨析。本句结构为and连接的并列成分,空白处应该是像喜马拉雅那样的高峰。  

 

单选题第7题“The very unexpected result was the______(97) mass loss from high mountains of Asia

A.susceptible

B.incredible

C.assessable

D.negligible

参考答案:D

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答案解析:本题考查词义辨析。根据第3段中the lack of ice loss in the Himalayas and the other high peaks of Asia,遵循语义一致性,可推测本句大意为“最出乎意料的结果就是亚洲高山的冰损失量微乎其微”。 mass loss意为″质量损失” ,此处指“冰损失” 。

 

单选题第8题which is not___(98) different from zero

A.brilliantly

B.significantly

C.additionally

D.incrementally

参考答案:B

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答案解析:本题考查词语搭配。根据句子结构, Which is not different from zero作非限制性定语从句,修饰前面“最不愿看到结果的是…….” 。圃定搭配not significantly different,有双重否定意味,表示“没有明显的差别” , not Significantly different from zero意为“几乎为零” 。

 

单选题第9题The melting of Himalayan glaciers caused___(99) in 2009 when a report from the UN's Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change mistakenly stated that they would disappear by 2035, instead of 2350.

A.contest

B.compromise

C.confrontation

D.controversy

参考答案:D

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答案解析:本题考查词义辨析。本句大意为“由于将冰山可能在2350年消失,错说成2035年,从而引发了……” ,此处空白应选择与后文mistakenly语义相关的名词, “因报告出错,所以引发争论” 。

 

单选题第10题___(100), the scientist who led the new work is clear that while greater uncertainty has been discovered in Asia’s highest mountains

A.Moreover

B.However

C.Besides

D.Therefore

参考答案:B

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答案解析:本题考查逻辑衔接。由上文“喜马拉雅冰山何时会融化曾引起过争议”和下文“科学家们清楚地知道,不管亚洲山脉情况如何,全球冰山冰川融化仍是严重问题” ,可知此处逻辑衔接为转折关系。

 

单选题第11题the melting of icecaps and glaciers around the world______(101) a serious concern.

A.proves

B.shows

C.remains

D.implies

参考答案:C

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答案解析:本题考查词义辨析。从上文中,根据过去对冰川消融的研究和一系列最 新研究发现,可推测冰山消融一直是国际社会关注的重要问题。本句句意为“领衔研究的科学家们清楚地知道,即使亚洲山脉的融冰情况存在不确定性,全球冰山冰川消融仍是严重问题" 。

 

单选题第12题“Our results and those of everyone else show we are___(102) a huge amount of water into the oceans every year,”

A.losing

B.creating

C.abandoning

D.increasing

参考答案:A

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答案解析:本题考查语境推理。根据下文提供的细节信息“他的团队研究的结论是每年总计有4430到6290亿吨的融水汇入海里”可知,此句意为“我们的研究结果和其他人展示的一样,每年我们都损失了大量的融水,流入海里” 。空白处的词语意义应与后句中的added to the world’s oceans形成呼应。

 

单选题第13题said Professor John Wahr of the University of Colorado.His team’s study concludes___(103)

A.why

B.that

C.what

D.which

参考答案:B

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答案解析:本题考查语法搭配。分析句子结构可知,动词conclude后是一个宾语从句,需要连接词that引导,在句中无词意,不充当句子成分,非正式场合可省略。

 

单选题第14题This is___(104) sea level by about 1.5 mm a year

A.multiplying

B.decreasing

C.topping

D.raising

参考答案:D

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答案解析:本题考查词义辨析。根据上文“大量的雪山融水流入大海” ,且后文给出了“每年1.5毫米”的数据,可知“海平面是上升了” 。从句子语法结构上看,此处为现在进行时,空白处应填入及物动词的现在分词形式。

 

单选题第15题the___(105) reports

A.book

B.team

C.periodical

D.dissertation

参考答案:B

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答案解析:本题考查语境推理。从句子结构看“the______reports”是插入语成分;从上下文看,本段第1句、第2句曾提及Professor John Wahr及其团队,因此,空白处应填入team。

 

单选题第16题in addition to the 2 mm a year caused by___(106) of the warming ocean

A.expansion

B.contraction

C.inflation

D.augmentation

参考答案:A

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答案解析:本题考查语境推理。前半句中的this指代上一句的“雪山融水流入大海” ,这使得“每年海平面抬升大概1.5毫米” ,除此之外,海平面上升也与海水变暖有关,由此可推断本句意为“海洋变暖范围的扩大使得海平面又上升了2毫米” 。

 

单选题第17题The scientists are___(107)

A.astonished

B.stern

C.pessimistic

D.careful

参考答案:D

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答案解析:本题考查语境推理。根据前文,科学家们本以为冰山每年会有很多冰雪融化,但卫星数据显示并非如此,以及后文“科学家们采用了卫星图像及报告来作为依据” 。由此可见,科学家们在指出“亚洲山脉中的低海拔冰山正在融化”时,是较为谨慎的。

 

单选题第18题Asian mountain ranges are___(108) melting

A.invisibly

B.particularly

C.definitely

D.simply

参考答案:C

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答案解析:本题考查词义辨析。根据下文“卫星图像和报告也证明了这一点” ,可推测,此处句意为肯定意义,即“亚洲山脉中的低海拔冰山无疑正在融化” 。根据句子结构,此处应填入副词以修饰动词melt。

 

单选题第19题Satellite images and reports___(109)this.

A.reject

B.deny

C.assure

D.confirm

参考答案:D

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答案解析:本题考查语义辨析。根据上文, ″科学家们谨慎指出,低海拔山脉的冰盖无疑在融化” ,以及下文But...enough ice was added...,可推出科学家们的观点是得到卫星图像和报告的证实的。

 

单选题第20题But over the study period from 2003 to 2010, enough ice was added to the peaks to___(110).

A.harmonize

B.compensate

C.lose

D.return

参考答案:B

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答案解析:本题为语境推理。前文提到,科学家们认为低海拔冰山一定存在冰雪融化的现象,卫星数据也证明了这一点。后文出现了转折词but,可知后文意义与前文相反,本句意为“但是,在2003年到2010年研究期间,冰山又形成了足够的冰抵消了融化” 。

 

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