The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) just released its updated guidelines for children’s
来源 :焚题库 2021-11-20
中The recommendations reflect what all parents instinctively know: children need less screen time. The corollary, of course, is that they desperately need more free time to ignite their imaginations, develop a sense of wonder and discover their passions and purpose.
While we at Melissa & Doug are thrilled the AAP has created stronger guardrails and suggestions to help parents navigate this challenging terrain, this is only the beginning. Our children are overstimulated, over-scheduled and under pressure to perform academically and beyond school. This diminishes their ability to build creative thinking skills essential to self-discovery. Inventiveness occurs when kids have time for curiosity and exploration. With children spending up to eight hours a day on media devices and additional hours engaging in scheduled activities, opportunities for growth are stifled.
What we are not sure about is how to get our kids to want the free, screenless time we know will benefit them. It may sound counter-intuitive but today’s kids (and, frankly, many of us) need coaching to experience and discover the benefits of free time.
What came easily to parents a few decades ago has become a challenge for our generation. It’s not that yesterday’s parents knew more about child development; they simply had fewer options. Boredom and downtime were an inescapable part of daily life. Today, boredom and downtime are synonymous with, “I’m bad parent and not doing enough to get my kid ahead.”
Recently, I had an eye-opening revelation while watching my 11-year-old daughter play in a softball tournament. I have six children and have attended dozens of such tournaments. I know the drill or thought I did.Families settled in for the day with lawn chairs, coolers,sunscreen and siblings in tow. These spectator brothers and sisters would gradually gravitate toward each other. Games of catch and hide-and-seek began; friendships were formed in the span of an inning. At crucial moments, the newfound friends turned their collective attention to the field to cheer on their teams.
Bu that was not happening. Though there were at least 15 children by the sidelines, I did not hear any of them. They sat in a silent huddle using their individual tablets. Even with the score tied in the final inning with runners on base, not a single child watched the game or spoke to each other. The situation was surreal and revealing: Kids have more planned activities and passive entertainment at their fingertips than ever before, but less free time to dream,make-believe and focus on what they truly love.
I get that making time for “nothing” is difficult in a world where we’re constantly worried our kids will fall behind if they don’t excel in sports and academics or rack up “likes” on the latest social media app.
But I refuse to sit back and watch this loss of childhood.We are taking back childhood.Imagination needs time and space to blossom.
单选题第1题What do parents instinctively know about children’s media use?
A.Updated guideline have been released for children’s media use.
B.Children are spending more and more time on their tablets and smartphones.
C.Children are instinctively good at playing computer games.
D.The amount of time children spend in front of a screen,including TV,computers and video games should be controlled.
参考答案：D
答案解析：第2段第一句话的意思是：这些建议体现了所有家长出于本能就知道的东西儿童需要减少屏幕时间。从此可推断出答案为D。
单选题第2题The underlined word “desperately” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to（）.
A.in a desperate way
B.immorally
C.extremely
D.despicably
参考答案：C
答案解析：第2段第二句话的意思是：由此可以做出推论，他们急需更多的自由时间以激发想象力、培养好奇心、发现自己的爱好和目标。在此句中，desperately表示“极度地”，而不是A项“绝望地”；B项immorally与本句无关；D项despicably表示“卑劣地、卑鄙地、残酷地”。答案为C。
单选题第3题What inference can we get from what parents instinctively know?
A.Parents need more free time to stimulate their imagination.
B.Children are in desperate shortage of time.
C.Parents are anxious to stimulate children’s imagination and arouse their curiosity.
D.Children should cut their screen time and find more time to stimulate their imagination,arouse their curiosity etc.
参考答案：D
答案解析：这句仍然针对第2段第二句话提问。此句中的corollary表示inference，做出的推论是孩子们需要缩减屏幕时间，找到更多的自由时间以激发想象力、培养好奇心等。答案为D。
单选题第4题The underlined word “thrilled” in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to（）.
A.very excited and pleased
B.scared
C.frightened
D.interested
参考答案：A
答案解析：此句提出，美国儿科学会提出更强有力的防护和建议帮助家长应对这个充满挑战的领域。对此，家长们的感受当然是A项excited and pleased，答案为A。
单选题第5题What is the implied meaning of “guardrails” underlined in Paragraph 3?
A.Rails that prevents people from falling from a bridge, cliff etc.
B.Measures to protect children from losing their imagination.
C.Suggestions to help guide parents.
D.Ways for children to enrich their life.
参考答案：B
答案解析：guardrail的本意是护栏、栏杆。通过本句的上下文，可以推断，该词的隐含意义为“为防止孩子沉溺于电子产品、防止孩子失去想象力而采取的防护措
施”，因此选B。
单选题第6题What are the reasons to diminish children’s ability to build their creative thinking skills?
A.Children are overstimulated and greatly pressured to perform academically.
B.Children have too many arrangements and are over-scheduled.
C.Children have no enough time for curiosity and exploration.
D.All of the above.
参考答案：D
答案解析：在第3段中作者提到了孩子们之所以降低思维创新能力的原因，如受到过度激励、时间安排过满、压力过大等。“Inventiveness occurs when kids have time for curiosity and exploration”的意思是“只有当孩子们有时间去好奇和探索，创意才会萌生”，言外之意是孩子们没有足够的时间去好奇、去探索，因此A、B、C项都对。答案为D。
单选题第7题What are the things that we are NOT sure for children’s growth?
A.How to get children to want free, screenless time themselves.
B.How to get children to benefit themselves.
C.How to make children find more free, screenless time.
D.How to make children to develop their creative skills.
参考答案：A
答案解析：从第4段第一句可知：我们不太肯定的是，怎样才能让孩子自己要求自由的、没有屏幕的时间，而我们知道，这会对他们有利。A为正确选项。
单选题第8题What are the challenges for parents of young generation?
A.They know a little about child development.
B.They have too many options.
C.They do not know how to fill in free time.
D.They do not know how to get rid of boredom and downtime.
参考答案：B
答案解析：第5段第一句的意思为：对几十年前的父母轻而易举的事，现在却成了年轻父母们的挑战。之所以如此的原因，在下文提到，是年轻的父母们面临太多的选择，因此选B。A项表示“他们不了解儿童成长”；C项表示“如今的父母不知如何消磨自由时间”；D项和C项意义相近，表示“不知道如何消除无聊和闲暇”。答案为B。
单选题第9题In Paragraph 6 and 7, the author talked about his experience with his children watching a softball tournament. What does the author want to illustrate from this example?
A.The author wants to show the differences between parents in the past and nowadays.
B.The author wants to show how what came easily to parents a few decades ago has become a challenge for our generation.
C.The author wants to show how parents today are trying to help their kids escape from boredom and downtime.
D.The author wants to show how parents today are making every effort to get their kids ahead.
参考答案：B
答案解析：这是一道逻辑推理题。第5段开头提到“对几十年前的父母轻而易举的事，现在却成了年轻父母们的挑战”，第6、7段的例子正是为了说明这一点，因此答案为B。A项与文章内容不符；C项、D项虽然文中有提及，谈的是当今父母们的焦虑，但并非这个例子想要说明的问题。答案为B。
单选题第10题What revelation does the author find from his experience?
A.Children played games of catch and hide-and-seek, and formed their friendship shortly.
B.At crucial moments of the tournament, children would pay their attention to the field to cheer on their teams.
C.Children have their own planned activities and entertainment at their fingertips and have less free time to focus on what they truly love.
D.Parents should be worried if their kids do not excel in sports and academics.
参考答案：C
答案解析：第7段最后一句话的意思是：那种情景荒诞离奇、发人深省孩子们在指尖计划的活动和被动娱乐比以往任何时候都多，但用来梦想、想象和关注自己真正爱好的自由时间却减少了。这正是作者从这个例子中得到的启示，所以选C项。A项和B项是过去的孩子在同等情形下可能会做的事；D项是如今父母的焦虑所在。答案为C。
