This summer, student debt reached a record $1.5 trillion in
来源 :焚题库 2022-04-07
中This crisis exists in part because actions by the Trump administration and the student-loan servicing companies it employs have condemned many people________(93) have sought an education to a lifetime of debt.
It wasn't supposed to be this way. Eleven years ago, Congress created the Public Service Loan Forgiveness program. In________(94) for 10 years of service to America in its public schools, military, Civil Service or nonprofit service organizations and making payments for those 10 years, qualified borrowers could have their debt________(95).
This year, Republicans in Congress introduced a bill to eliminate the program.________(96) that legislation lays dormant for now, there's another hurdle for people________(97) in public service: The student loan servicing companies the Department of Education keeps on contract to administer the program________(98) accused by borrowers of sabotaging loan forgiveness by providing false________(99), delaying the processing of qualifying payments and________(100) to certify eligible public service jobs.
New Department of Education data confirms that the program is not operating________(101). As of June 30, only 96 out of the 28,000 applicants who had applied for forgiveness since 2017 had________(102) had their student loans discharged.
As the union________(103) 1.7 million professionals around the country, many who work in public service, the American Federation of Teachers is trying to help. We have hosted student debt clinics nationwide to help our members learn about their________(104) options. Some borrowers are not aware of the government^ loan forgiveness program because, in many cases, the Department of Education and the loan servicer fail to adequately________(105) them of it. Those who do know of it have told us of their difficulties ________(106) trying to meet its requirements.
Take Lisa Oelfke, a health policy analyst in Maryland, who repeatedly got________(107) information from her student-loan servicer. She made three years of ________(108) she thought were qualifying payments under the program, only________(109) that she was not enrolled in a
qualifying repayment plan,________(110) having submitted forms to certify her work in public service.
单选题第1题Over half say it is preventing them________(91) saving for retirement or for an emergency
A.to
B.from
C.of
D.off
参考答案：B
答案解析：此处考查固定搭配，prevent somebody from doing something表示“阻止某人做某事”。答案为B。
单选题第2题more than 10 percent of borrowers are in________(92) because they cannot pay their minimum balance.
A.fault
B.defeat
C.default
D.defaulter
参考答案：C
答案解析：此句的意思为：超过10%的借款人违约，因为他们无法支付最低还款额。
根据句意，此处选C，in default为短语，表示“拖欠违约”；D项defaulter表示“违约者”，指人；A、B项与题意不符。答案为C。
单选题第3题________(93) have sought an education to a lifetime of debt.
A.what
B.who
C.that
D.which
参考答案：B
答案解析：这句话的意思为：这场危机之所以存在，部分原因是特朗普政府及其雇佣的学生贷款服务公司采取的行动谴责了许多人，这些人为了接受教育而背负了一辈子的债务。此处选B项who,引导定语从句，修饰先行词many people。答案为B。
单选题第4题In________(94) for 10 years of service to America in its public schools
A.exchange
B.change
C.return
D.charge
参考答案：A
答案解析：此处考查固定搭配，in exchange表示“作为交换”；C项in return强调“报答、作为回报”。此处意思为“作为向美国提供10年服务的交换”，强调用十年的服务来换取债务免除，因此答案为A。
单选题第5题qualified borrowers could have their debt________(95).
A.forgive
B.forgiven
C.finished
D.finish
参考答案：B
答案解析：这句话的意思是：作为向美国在美国的公立学校、军队、公务员或非营利服务机构提供10年服务并支付这10年的费用的交换，符合条件的借款人可以免除其债务。此处为have something done的结构，表示“请别人完成某事”，此处表示“债务被免除”，因此选B; A、D项语法错误；C项不符合句意。
单选题第6题________(96) that legislation lays dormant for now
A.While
B.When
C.As
D.If
参考答案：A
答案解析：此处需要一个连词引导让步状语从句。上文指出，国会共和党人提出了一
项消除该计划的法案；下文表示转折，虽然该立法暂时搁置，但公共服务人员面
临另一个障碍。根据上下文可知答案为入项while; C项as也可以引导让步状语从句，但其语序要部分倒装，while不用倒装。答案为A。
单选题第7题there's another hurdle for people________(97) in public service
A.work
B.working
C.worked
D.having working
参考答案：B
答案解析：此句的意思为：虽然该立法暂时搁置，但公共服务人员面临另一个障碍。
此处填working,用现在分词短语作定语，修饰people，相当于一个定语从句who
work in public service。答案为B。
单选题第8题administer the program________(98)
A.is
B.was
C.are
D.were
参考答案：C
答案解析：此句考查主谓一致。这句话的主语为The student loan servicing companies，后面的 the Department of Education keeps on contract to administer the program为省略了that的定语从句，因此后面的谓语要用复数。此处讲述一般情况，为一般现在时，因此答案为C。
单选题第9题by providing false________(99)
A.information
B.messages
C.news
D.tidings
参考答案：A
答案解析：此处考查词意辨析。A项information表示“信息、情报”；B项messages表示“书信、口信、电报”等；C项news般指“最 新消息、新闻”；D项tidings
一般指“小道消息”。information是个普通用词，此处选A。
单选题第10题delaying the processing of qualifying payments and________(100)
A.failing
B.fails
C.failed
D.fail
参考答案：A
答案解析：此处需要的动词要和上文的providing和delaying并列，因此选A项failing。此句的意思为：教育部继续签订合同以管理该计划的学生贷款服务公司被借款人指控通过提供虚假信息破坏贷款减免，拖延处理符合条件的付款，并且未能证实符合条件的公共服务职位。答案为A。
单选题第11题New Department of Education data confirms that the program is not operating________(101)
A.exactly
B.respectably
C.properly
D.improperly
参考答案：C
答案解析：此处需要一个副词来修饰动词operating。根据下文“截至6月30日，自2017年以来申请减免的2.8万名申请者中，实际上只有96人的助学贷款被免除”可以判断，此处对这个项目的运作持否定态度。该句意思为：美国教育部的新数据证实，该项目运作不正常。根据意义选择C项properly,其表示“合适地、恰当地”。A项表示“精确地、准确地”，B项表示“正派地”，D项表示“不恰当地、不合适地”，均与句意不符。答案为C。
单选题第12题2017 had________(102) had their student loans discharged.
A.actually
B.really
C.truly
D.gradually
参考答案：A
答案解析：此处需要一个副词来修饰discharge。根据第101题的解析可知，实际上只有96人的助学贷款被免除。actually意思为“实际上、事实上”，从实际出发，和事实比较，符合题意；really表示“真实地”，表示事实存在，而不是想象；truly表示“真实地、真诚地”，强调情感；gradually表示“逐渐地”，意义不符。答案为A。
单选题第13题As the union________(103) 1.7 million professionals around the country, many who work in public service
A.representing
B.represented
C.represents
D.represent
参考答案：A
答案解析：此句中，the union 是指后面的 the American Federation of Teachers。the union后面的成分为其修饰成分，因此用现在分词representing,相当于定语从句who represents。此句的意思为：作为代表全国170万专业人士的美国教师联合会正试图提供帮助，这个联合会中许多人在公共服务部门工作。答案为A。
单选题第14题We have hosted student debt clinics nationwide to help our members learn about their________(104) options
A.payment
B.repayment
C.mortgage
D.overdraft
参考答案：B
答案解析：此句的意思为：我们在全国范围内举办了学生债务诊所，帮助会员了解他
们的还款选择。B项repayment表示“归还、偿还”，符合题意；A项payment表不“支付、付款”，C项mortgage表不“抵押、按揭”，D项overdraft表示“透支”，均不符合题意。答案为B。
单选题第15题the Department of Education and the loan servicer fail to adequately________(105) them of it
A.reform
B.inform
C.notice
D.advise
参考答案：B
答案解析：此句的意思为：一些借款人不知道政府的贷款减免计划，因为在很多情况
下，教育部和贷款服务机构未能告知他们足够信息。上文提到学生贷款服务公司
被指控提供虚假信息、该项目运作不正常、“我们”举办了学生债务诊所帮助会
员了解还款选择等，由此可知，一些借款人不了解相关信息，是因为相关部门未
充分告知，因此选B。
单选题第16题Those who do know of it have told us of their difficulties ________(106) trying to meet its requirements
A.on
B.about
C.in
D.of
参考答案：C
答案解析：此处考查固定搭配。have difficulty in doing sth.表示“做某事有困难”，因此填介词in。答案为C。
单选题第17题who repeatedly got________(107) information from her student-loan servicer
A.confusing
B.confused
C.definite
D.accurate
参考答案：A
答案解析：下文的意思是：Lisa Oelfke了三年时间，按照自己的想法支付了符合条件的贷款，结果却发现自己没有参加符合条件的还款计划，尽管她已经提交了证明自己在公共服务领域工作的表格。由此可知，她从学生贷款服务机构那里得到的信息是不确定的、令人困惑的，因此答案为A; B项confused通常修饰人。
单选题第18题She made three years of ________(108) she thought were qualifying payments under the program
A.that
B.what
C.which
D.how
参考答案：B
答案解析：此句中she thought是插入语，three years of缺主语，因此要填what引导的名词性从句。what除引导从句外，还在从句中作成分，意为“所……的（东西）”，在含义上等于“名词+ that从句”。答案为B。
单选题第19题only________(109) that she was not enrolled in a
qualifying repayment plan
A.learning
B.learning
C.to learn
D.learned
参考答案：C
答案解析：此处考查的是only +动词不定式短语的结构，通常表示一种出乎意料的或令人失望的结果。答案为C。
单选题第20题________(110) having submitted forms to certify her work in public service.
A.despite of
B.in spite that
C.despite all that
D.Despite
参考答案：D
答案解析：此处要填的空表示“尽管”的含义。despite是介词，后面跟名词或动名词，构成介词短语，因此选D。A项，没有despite of这个短语，应该为in despite of; B项，短语也不存在；C项，despite all that意为“尽管如此”，通常作状语，要用逗号与句子的主干隔开，用在此处，句意不通。答案为D
涉及考点
2020翻译三级综合能力考试大纲
三、完形填空
