The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) just released its updated guidelines for children’s
来源 :焚题库 2021-09-06
中The recommendations reflect what all parents instinctively know: children need less screen time. The corollary, of course, is that they desperately need more free time to ignite their imaginations, develop a sense of wonder and discover their passions and purpose.
while we at Melissa & Doug are thrilled the AAP has created stronger guardrails and suggestions to help parents navigate this challenging terrain, this is only the beginning. Our children are overstimulated, over-scheduled and under pressure to perform academically and beyond school. This diminishes their ability to build creative thinking skills essential to self-discovery. Inventiveness occurs when kids have time for curiosity and exploration. With children spending up to eight hours a day on media devices and additional hours engaging in scheduled activities, opportunities for growth are stifled.
what we are not sure about is how to get our kids to want the free, screenless time we know will benefit them. It may sound counter-intuitive but today’s kids (and, frankly, many of us) need coaching to experience and discover the benefits of free time.
what came easily to parents a few decades ago has become a challenge for our generation. It’s not that yesterday’s parents knew more about child development; they simply had fewer options. Boredom and downtime were an inescapable part of daily life. Today, boredom and downtime are synonymous with, “I’m bad parent and not doing enough to get my kid ahead.”
Recently, I had an eye-opening revelation while watching my 11-year-old daughter play in a softball tournament. I have six children and have attended dozens of such tournaments. I know the drill - or thought I did.Families settled in for the day with lawn chairs, coolers, sunscreen and siblings in tow. These spectator brothers and sisters would gradually gravitate toward each other. Games of catch and hide-and-seek began; friendships were formed in the span of an inning. At crucial moments, the newfound friends turned their collective attention to the field to cheer on their teams.
Bu that was not happening. Though there were at least 15 children by the sidelines, I did not hear any of them. They sat in a silent huddle using their individual tablets. Even with the score tied in the final inning with runners on base, not a single child watched the game or spoke to each other. The situation was surreal and revealing: Kids have more planned activities and passive entertainment at their fingertips than ever before, but less free time to dream, make-believe and focus on what they truly love.
I get that making time for “nothing” is difficult in a world where we’re constantly worried our kids will fall behind if they don’t excel in sports and academics or rack up “likes”on the latest social media app.
But I refuse to sit back and watch this loss of childhood.We are taking back childhood.Imagination needs time and space to blossom.
单选题第1题What do parents instinctively know about children’s media use?
A.Updated guideline have been released for children’s media use.
B.Children are spending more and more time on their tablets and smartphones.
C.Children are instinctively good at playing computer games.
D.The amount of time children spend in front of a screen, including TV, computers and Video games should be controlled.
参考答案：D
答案解析：
单选题第2题The underlined word “desperately” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to______.
A.in a desperate way
B.immorally
C.extremely
D.despicably
参考答案：C
答案解析：
单选题第3题What inference can we get from what parents instinctively know?
A.Parents need more free time to stimulate their imagination.
B.Children are in desperate shortage of time.
C.Parents are anxious to stimulate children’s imagination and arouse their curiosity.
D.Children should cu¨heir screen time and find more time to stimulate their imagination, arouse their curiosity etc.
参考答案：D
答案解析：
单选题第4题The underlined word "thrilled” in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to______.
A.very excited and pleased
B.scared
C.frightened
D.interested
参考答案：A
答案解析：
单选题第5题What is the implied meaning of “guardrails” underlined in Paragraph 3?
A.Rails that prevents people from falling from a bridge, cliff etc.
B.Measures to protect children from losing their imagination.
C.Suggestions to help guide parents.
D.Ways for children to enrich their life.
参考答案：B
答案解析：
单选题第6题What are the reasons to diminish children’s ability to build their creative thinking skills?
A.Children are overstimulated and greatly pressured to perform academically.
B.Children have too many arrangements and are over-scheduled.
C.Children have no enough time for curiosity and exploration.
D.All of the above.
参考答案：D
答案解析：
单选题第7题What are the things that we are NOT sure for children’s growth?
A.How to get children to want free, screenless time themselves.
B.How to get children to benefit themselves.
C.How to make children find more free, screenless time.
D.How to make children to develop their creative skills.
参考答案：A
答案解析：
单选题第8题What are the challenges for parents of young generation?
A.They know a little about child development.
B.They have too many options.
C.They do not know how to fill in free time.
D.They do not know how to get rid of boredom and downtime.
参考答案：B
答案解析：
单选题第9题In Paragraph 6 and 7, the author talked about his experience with his children watching a softball tournament. What does the author want to illustrate from this example?
A.The author wants to show the differences between parents in the past and nowadays.
B.The author wants to show how what came easily to parents a few decades ago has become a challenge for our generation.
C.The author wants to show how parents today are trying to help their kids escape from boredom and downtime.
D.The author wants to show how parents today are making every effort to get their kids ahead.
参考答案：B
答案解析：
单选题第10题What revelation does the author find from his experience?
A.Children played games of catch and hide-and-seek, and formed their friendship shortly.
B.At crucial moments of the tournament,children would pay their attention to the field to cheer on their teams.
C.Children have their own planned activities and entertainment at their fingertips and have less free time to focus on what they truly love.
D.Parents should be worried if their kids do not excel in sports and academics.
参考答案：C
答案解析：
1.[共享题干题]According to UNICEF, around 564 million Indians, nearly half the population, still defecate in the open - in fields, forests, next to ponds, along highway medians and on the beach.
That spreads diseases and causes other public and personal problems.
It is no accident that “Toilet” opens with a beautifully lit scene of women trudging out of their village right before sunrise, each one carrying a little brass jug of water to wash with. They are traveling in a group for safety.
Rural women sometimes endure taunts and even sexual assault when they relieve themselves outdoors, so they travel in small groups, often before dawn, for protection.
“This is a real problem,” said Jagmati Sangwan, a women’s rights advocate. “So many women, especially landless women, face a lot of violence when they go to the bathroom outside."
Tb avoid being leered at during the day, some women hold on for hours for darkness to fall. Waiting that long can create health problems, particularly for pregnant women, who are highly susceptible to urinary tract infections, experts say.
A recent study found a troubling correlation between pregnant mothers who had no toilet facilities and low birth weight.
Not helping matters, hard-liners with the governing Bharatiya Janata Party, Or B.J.P, have photographed women who relieve themselves outside in an effort to shame them. Earlier this year, a man who stood up for such women was beaten to death.
Government officials say they have spent $4 billion to help install 50 million toilets so far, building community latrines and providing subsidies for people to put them in their homes. The Modi government runs a website bestowing on top-Performing villages a special "ODF" (Open Defecation Free) status.
Their efforts have earned praise abroad.Bill Gates, the billionaire co-founder of Microsoft, wrote on his blog: “I can’t think of another time when a national leader has broached such a sensitive topic so frankly and so publicly. Even better, Modi backed up his words with actions.”
But Mr. Modi’s detractors say there may be more emphasis on image than deed, and that in many areas party apparatchiks are so eager to fall in line with the prime minister’s directives that they are putting up latrines that are not connected to sewers or septic systems.
several businessmen in New Delhi said government agencies are in such a rush that they are awarding contracts left and right with little oversight and often to businesses that know nothing about sanitation. According to Indian news reports, countless rupees have disappeared in shady toilet deals.
Sanitation specialists say that with less than 5 percent of India’s nearly 8,000 cities and towns having sewage treatment plants, it is far from clear where all the waste will go.
“There’s a blind scramble to make a toilet, Whether it is usable or not,” said Bezwada Wilson, an official with the Sanitation Workers’Movement, an advocacy organization. “It has become a business, and resulted in the corporatization of the toilet.”
单选题第11题Which of the following is the best title of the passage?
A.Serious Problems Caused by Toilets in India
B.The corporatization of the toilet
C.Importance of Toilets for Women
D.Urgency to Build Toilets in India
参考答案：A
答案解析：
单选题第12题According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE about the current situation of toilet problem in India?
A.Around 564 million Indians, nearly one third of the population, still defecate in the open - in fields, forests, next to ponds, along highway medians and on the beach.
B.Many women, even those with land, face a lot of violence when they go to the bathroom outside.
C.Government officials say they have spent $4 million to help install 50 million toilets.
D.Rural women travel in small groups, often before dawn, for protection when they relieve themselves outdoors.
参考答案：D
答案解析：
单选题第13题Which of the following is the measure taken by the Modi government?
A.It photographed women who relieve themselves outside in an effort to shame them.
B.It ran a website bestowing on top-Performing villages a special “ODF” status.
C.Their efforts have earned praise abroad.
D.It will spend $4 billion to help install 50 million toilets.
参考答案：B
答案解析：
单选题第14题What does Bill Gates mean by saying, in Paragraph 10, “I can’t think of another time when a national leader has broached such a sensitive topic so frankly and so publicly. Even better, Modi backed up his words with actions”?
A.Bill Gates thinks there is no national leader can broach such a sensitive topic so frankly just like Modi, but he cannot keep his words.
B.Bill Gates thinks that the Modi government does as promised in terms of solving problems.
C.Bill Gates thinks that the Modi government is too frankly and publicly to back up his words with actions.
D.Bill Gates thinks that the Modi government is so frankly and publicly that he did not back up his words with actions.
参考答案：B
答案解析：
单选题第15题According to the passage, Why are Mr. Modi’s detractors not optimistic about the efforts made by the Modi government?
A.They think there may be more emphasis on image than deed.
B.They think government agencies are in such a rush that they are awarding contracts left and right with little oversight and often to businesses that know nothing about sanitation.
C.They think that with less than 5 percent of India’s nearly 8,000 cities and towns having sewage treatment plants, it is far from clear where all the waste will go.
D.They think that the efforts made by the Modi government has become a business, and resulted in the corporatization of the toilet.
参考答案：A
答案解析：
单选题第16题According to the passage, Who made efforts to improve the condition of toilet in India?
A.Bill Gates
B.Several businessmen in New Delhi
C.The Modi government
D.Bharatiya Janata Party or
参考答案：C
答案解析：
单选题第17题According to the passage, which of the following statement is TRUE?
A.The government builds toilets in people’s home free.
B.A recent study found a troubling correlation between pregnant mothers who had no toilet facilities and low birth weight.
C.Sanitation specialists say that with more than 5 percent of India’s nearly 8,000 cities and towns having sewage treatment plants.
D.Building toilets has become a business, which is a result of the corporatization of the toilet.
参考答案：B
答案解析：
单选题第18题Which of the following words can explain the meaning of the underlined word “susceptible” in Paragraph 6?
A.special
B.suspicious
C.sensitive
D.satisfied
参考答案：C
答案解析：
单选题第19题Which of the following is NOT the problem in the process of building toilets according to the passage?
A.Building toilets results in the corporatization of the toilet.
B.Countless rupees have disappeared in shady toilet deals.
C.A man who stood up for the women who have been shamed was beaten to death.
D.Party apparatchiks are so eager to agree with the prime minister’s directives that they do not really care the matter itself .
参考答案：C
答案解析：
单选题第20题This passage can most possibly be read in a ______.
A.newspaper
B.science magazine
C.novel
D.story book
参考答案：A
答案解析：
