2017年上半年catti三级笔译实务考前预测卷（第十套）

　　第 1 题：填空题:

　　Acid rain, is a form of air pollution, currently a subject of great controversy because of widespread environmental damage for which it has been blamed. It forms when oxides of sulfur and nitrogen combine with atmospheric moisture to yield sulfuric and nitric acids, which may then be carded long distances from their source before they are deposited by rain. The pollution many also take the form of snow or fog or be precipitated in dry forms. In fact, although the term "acid rain" has been in use for more than a century — it is derived from atmospheric studies that were made in the region of Manchester, England — the more accurate scientific term would be "acid deposition." The dry form of such precipitation is just as damaging as the liquid form, especially to trees and structures. Furthermore, some of the pollutants also associated with acid rain are not themselves acidic.

　　The problem of acid rain may be said to have originated with the Industrial Revolution, and it has been growing ever since. The severity of its effects has long been recognized in local settings, as exemplified by the spells of acid smog in heavily industrialized areas. The wide destructiveness of acid rain, however, has come to be realized only in recent decades. One large area that has been studied extensively is northern Europe, where acid rain has eroded structures, injured crops and forests, and threatened or depleted life in freshwater lakes. In 1983, for example, published reports indicated that 34 percent of the forested areas of West Germany had been damaged by acid rain. The northeastern U.S. and eastern Canada have also been affected by this form of pollution, and other areas of the two countries are also showing increasing signs of damages, as are other regions of the world.

　　Industrial emissions have been blamed as the major cause of acid rain. Because the chemical reactions involved in the production of acid rain in the atmosphere are complex and as yet little understood, industries have tended to challenge such assessments and to stress the need for further studies; and because of the cost of pollution reduction, governments have tended to support this attitude. Studies released by the U.S. government in the early 1980s, however, strongly implicated industries as the main source of acid rain.

　　第 2 题：填空题:

　　邓小平是中国改革开放的总设计师。邓小平提出了“建设有中国特色社会主义”的理论;支持在农村实行联产承包责任制，在城市推行打破“大锅饭”的各种经济责任制，建立公有制基础上的社会主义市场经济体制。同时，他倡导改革政治体制，如党政分开，下放权力，发扬民主等。

　　邓小平主张把改革和开放结合起来，设置经济特区。1979年7月，国务院确定广东、福建两省试办经济特区。1992年，邓小平视察南方，发表重要讲话，强调要抓住时机，关键是经济发展。

　　邓小平提出“科技是第一生产力”，提出要尊重知识，尊重人才，发展教育事业。

　　在解决香港和澳门回归问题上，邓小平提出了用“一国两制”的方针实现祖国统一的构想，取得了成功。