VI. Translate the following into Chinese:本大题共2小题,第40小题7分,第41小题8分,共15分。

　　40. Insurance is a risk transfer mechanism, whereby the individual or the business enterprise can shift some of the uncertainty of life onto the shoulders of others. In return for a known premium, usually a very small amount compared with the potential loss, the cost of that loss can be transferred to an insurer.

　　41. Controlling costs is the first major motivation for engaging in FDI. A foreign country may have lower land prices, tax rates or cost of labor, all of which will reduce the production costs to a considerable degree. Transportation cost which may be very significant for some products will also encourage an enterprise to engage in production in the foreign market through FDI.

　　VI. Translate the following into English:本大题共5小题,每小题5分,共25分。

　　42.对销贸易一般是与有关国家的政策日标相互联系的,如应对外汇短缺和扩大出口之类的问题。

　　43.国民生产总值和国内生产总值是表明一国收人的两个重要概念。

　　44.在国际贸易中进出口双方都面临风险,因为总存在对方不履约的可能。

　　45.无论人们是否喜欢.经济全球化已成为世界经济发展中的-个客观趋势。

　　46.除了国际贸易和投资,国际许可和特许经营有时也是进人国外市场的一种方式。