一、阅读判断 (共 10小题，共计 20分)

　　Ⅰ. Reading Judgment (True or False) ( 20')

　　Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the following 10 questions. If the statement agrees with the information given in the passage. You choose A for True; and if statement contradicts the information given in the passage, you choose B for False.

　　Soundless Communication

　　Can you communicate with others when you live in a foreign country with no or little knowledge of its language? Of course, it is possible. You can convey your moods and intentions to one another without words, because all human beings share a large number of common visual signals. These signals are as effective as words are during communication. However, in daily life when people talk with others in their native language, they are not aware that they are using these signals to express their thoughts at the same time. These signals are called body language. Paying a little attention to one’s gestures when that person is talking, we can understand more than by only hearing one’s words. Wordless communication acts to qualify the words.

　　The gestures of the head play a key role in body language. The vertical head movements, called nods, signify their agreement. It is very interesting that this gesture has been used by people born deaf and blind. No doubt, it strongly suggests that affirmative nodding may be an inborn action for the human species—a pattern of body language designed by our genes.

　　The movements of eyes and eyebrows are as important as head movements in body Language, but there are many differences among nations in using this pattern of body language. Americans are very subtle about eye movements. During their conversation, eye movements may have several meanings. For instance, people avoid looking into another’s eyes for more than a few seconds because it may be thought of as a sign of disrespect. In England, however, staring at the speaker attentively may be considered as nothing more than a sign of interest. English people also like to blink their eyes occasionally during the conversation as a signal of agreement.

　　Besides the gestures of the head or the movements of the eyes and eyebrows, the action of arms, hands and legs also are a large part of body language. Extending one’s arm and shaking hands with others is a greeting in both formal and informal cases. This part of body language might be traced back to primitive tribes. Early human beings established a major division of labor, with the male hunter leaving the group for some time, then returning home with the kill. Before he left and after he came back body contact was made;This consisted of a total embrace with much hugging, patting, squeezing, and even weeping. After many thousands of years, this kind of greeting has developed into the present customs, such as handshaking—one of the important elements in the modern body language dictionary.

　　Like handshaking, there are still many other forms of body language presented by hands. Raising one’s hand and making a circle with his thumb and forefinger signals that something is OK. Clasped hands raised above the head, a traditional picture adopted by sportsmen after winning a fight, is a display of triumph that grows out of a surge of feeling following a victory. Waving one’s hands permits a speaker to make his words more powerful and vigorous.

　　In addition to hand gestures, there are times when a person says something with his legs as well as with his head and eyes. The leg gestures often reflect one’s attitude towards something or someone that person is with. For example, if you pay a little attention, you will notice that when one is impatient listening to someone, his foot might beat the floor constantly and restlessly, as if it had its own life. In such a case, although he says not a word, in fact his body gesture reveals nearly everything. The same thing will happen when a person sits with someone whom that person dislikes. In this situation not only will his legs move from side to side, but also he will change the way his legs are crossed frequently. These postures reflect one’s uncomfortable feeling.

　　According to the above facts, body language has offered a more reliable way to understand one’s mind by means of gestures. It is just like Sigmund Freud once wrote: “No mortal can keep a secret. If his lips are silent, he talks with his fingertips.” Body language is a communication tool. Like English, French, Spanish, and other languages in the world, though body language is soundless and wordless, once you understand it, you will feel the world is bigger than you realized.

　　1. When people communicate with each other, the visual signals cannot express their intentions clearly.

　　A. True B. False

　　2. During communication, people are conscious of body language to understand others more deeply.

　　A. True B. False

　　3. The gestures of the head are only used by the people born deaf and blind.

　　A. True B. False

　　4. The movement of eyes and eyebrows are the same in meaning all over the world.

　　A. True B. False

　　5. In England blink their eyes occasionally to show their agreement.

　　A. True B. False

　　6. Body language consists of the gestures of the head, the movements of the eyes and eyebrows, and the action of arms, hands and legs.

　　A. True B. False

　　7. Clasped hands raised above the head can make the speaker more attractive.

　　A. True B. False

　　8. As a greeting, shaking hands can date back to primitive tribes.

　　A. True B. False

　　9. Leg gestures cannot be so effective as the gestures of hands, head and eyes in communication.

　　A. True B. False

　　10. Without sound and word, body language is not reliable to convey your thoughts.

　　A. True B. False