III.Passage translation(50%)：(译文也请写上编号)

　　1/ Two-Parent Families Growing Scarcer /(From Reuters)

　　2/ The traditional U.S. household comprised of a married couple with children has become scarcer, a reflection of more women working and a view that marriage is not always desirable, researchers said on Wednesday.

　　3/ The most common living arrangement in the United States consists of unmarried people and no children, which made up one-third of all households in 1998, double the percentage in 1972.

　　4/ Meanwhile, the traditional nuclear family -- a married couple with children -- made up 26 percent of households in 1998, down from 45 percent in 1972, according to a survey conducted by the National Opinion Research Center at the University of Chicago.

　　5/ Timothy Smith, director of the survey, attributed the trend to more women in the work force, driven there by economic necessity and a desire for a career, and a relaxation of social mores that frowned on cohabitation and on having children outside marriage.

　　6/ ``Marriage has declined as the central institution under which households are organized and children are raised,'' Smith said, noting the survey found that 62 percent of working-class adults reported being married in the 1994-98 period, down from 80 percent in the 1972-77 period.

　　7/ ``People marry later and divorce and cohabitate more. A growing proportion of children has been born outside of marriage. Even within marriage the changes have been profound as more and more women have entered the labor force and gender roles have become more homogenous between husbands and wives,'' Smith said.

　　8/ Both parents have jobs in two-thirds of families, compared to just one-third in 1972, the survey found. The percentage of households in which women worked while their husbands stayed at home rose to 4 percent in the 1990s from 2 percent in the 1970s.

　　9/ About half of children now live in a household with their original parents, down from nearly three-quarters of children living in such households in 1972.

　　10/ Parents' attitudes toward their children have changed as well, with more looking for them to take responsibility for themselves. For example, more parents listed hard work as a desirable trait in their children above obedience.

　　11/ The survey comprised interviews with 2,832 randomly selected adults.