阅读下面短文，请从短文后所给各题的4个选项(A、B、C、D)中选出1个最佳选项，并在答题卡相应位置上将该项涂黑。

　　Passage 1 (选自大纲样题)

　　Tap Dancing(踢踏舞)

　　① Most of the arts in America are a combination of ideas and influences from　many sources. Tap dancing certainly fits in this category. It is truly an　American art, but it has been influenced by English and Irish dance steps as　well as steps from Africa.

　　② Some historians argue that tap dancing was first done by slaves on Southern　plantations in North America, and that originally steps were done wearing　　soft-soled shoes. Irish step dancing, which also involves intricate(复杂的)foot　patterns, contributed the movement of the free leg to one side and the swing of　　the elbows outward. Wooden clog shoes were worn as tap dancing evolved, but for　　a long time the steps were done flat-footed.

　　③ Tap dancing developed into the form we recognize today in the early 20th　century. Metal taps were added to dance shoes, and a number of new techniques　were perfected. One of the most important was the change from the flat-footed　step to dancing on the balls of the feet. This is commonly attributed to dancer　Bill Robinson. Another was the "cramp roll," in which the dancer would rapidly　move from the ball of the right foot to the ball of the left, and then to the　heel of each foot. This separation of the steps into distinct areas of the foot,　an innovation by dancer John Bubbles, allowed dancers to improvise even more new　patterns. Slides across the floor and movements up and down stairs further　　enlivened tap. So did relaxed arm and shoulder movements. Challenges became a　　common part of dance routines, with dancers competing very hard to　outperform(胜过)each other with new and difficult steps.

　　④ Many dancers excelled at tap and contributed to its development. Besides Bill　Robinson and John Bubbles, well-known tappers have included Sammy Davis, Jr.,　Fred Astaire, Eleanor Powell, Gregory Hines, and Savion Glover.

　　11. This text is mainly about _______.

　　A. famous tap dancers

　　B. tap dancing on Southern plantations

　　C. tap shoes

　　D. the development of tap dancing

　　【答案】D

　　【解析】主旨大意题。通读全文可知本文主要讲了踢踏舞的发展过程。

　　12. The phrase "attributed to" (Line 4, Para. 3) means _______.

　　A. credited to

　　B. described

　　C. turned to

　　D. stated as a question

　　【答案】A

　　【解析】词义理解题。可以用代入法。credit… to…=attribute… to…=owe…to…

　　【单选题】Decide which of the statements is the best answer　according to the following passage.The market may be something abstract. But for　　each person or business that is making and selling something, it is very real.　If nobody buys your tomatoes, it won't be long before you get the message. The　market is telling you something. It is telling you that you are using energies　　and resources in doing something the market doesn't want you to do.Q: The word　"real" in the second sentence may most probably mean _______.A. seriousB.　importantC. trueD. concrete

　　【答案】D

　　【解析】本题考查阅读选择之词义理解题。根据上下文来猜测，从real所在句子的上文The　market may be something abstract."市场这个概念看上去有点抽象。" 再看real所在的句子But for each person　　or business that is making and selling something, it is very　real."但对于每一个从事市场经济行为的人来说，它确是……"，but表示前后转折，故可以推断real在这里是"抽象的"反义含义，即"具体的"，故选择D。

　　【知识点】阅读选择之词义理解题

　　13. The "cramp roll" (Line 4, Para. 3) was invented by _______.

　　A. Fred Astaire

　　B. Bill Robinson

　　C. Savion Glover

　　D. John Bubbles

　　【答案】D

　　【解析】事实细节题。根据第三段的中间部分Another was the "cramp roll," in which the dancer would　　rapidly move from the ball of the right foot(右脚的大脚趾球)to the ball of the left,　and then to the heel of each foot. This separation of the steps into distinct　　areas of the foot, an innovation by dancer John Bubbles, allowed dancers to　improvise even more new patterns.

　　14. One of the most important elements of tap dancing is _______.

　　A. intricate footwork

　　B. smooth, flowing motions

　　C. dancing in rhythm with a partner

　　D. wearing wooden shoes

　　【答案】A

　　【解析】事实细节题。根据one of the most important…定位在第三段第三句：One of the most important　was the change from the flat-footed step to dancing on the balls of the feet.

　　15. Names are mentioned in this text in order to _______.

　　A. tell about the lives of famous tap dancers

　　B. connect tap with jazz music

　　C. show the influence of women on tap dance

　　D. give credit to famous tap dancers

　　【答案】D

　　【解析】推理判断题。该题要求考生根据最后一段，推测作者的写作意图。最后一段Many dancers excelled at tap and　contributed to its development. Besides Bill Robinson and John Bubbles,　well-known tappers have included Sammy Davis Jr., Fred Astaire, Eleanor Powell,　Gregory Hines, and Savion Glover.。

　　16. This text is mainly about _______.

　　A. famous tap dancers

　　B. tap dancing on Southern plantations

　　C. tap shoes

　　D. the development of tap dancing

　　显示答案

　　【答案】D【解析】主旨大意题。通读全文可知本文主要讲了踢踏舞的发展过程。(参考第二三段的黑体词)

　　【单选题】Decide which of the statements is the best answer

　　according to the following passage.1 The market is a concept (概念). If you are

　　growing tomatoes in your backyard for sale you are producing for the market. You

　　might sell some to your neighbors and some to the local managers of the

　　supermarket. But in either case, you are producing for the market. Your efforts

　　are being directed by the market. If people stop buying tomatoes, you will stop

　　producing them.2 If you take care of a sick person to earn money, you are

　　producing for the market. If your father is a steel worker or a truck driver or

　　a doctor or a grocer, he is producing goods or service for the market. 3 When

　　you spend your income, you are buying things from the market. You may spend

　　money in stores, supermarkets, gas station and restaurants. Still you are buying

　　from the market. When the local grocer hires you to drive the delivery truck, he

　　is buying your labor in the labor market. Q: Which of the following would be the

　　best title of the passage? A. Selling and Buying.B. Everything you do is

　　producing for the market.C. What is the market?D. What the market can do for　　you.

　　【答案】C

　　【解析】本题考查阅读选择之主旨大意题。文章的第一段的第一句话The market is a

　　concept.为主题句，下文为了说明什么是市场，作者举了很多例子来解释，因此通读全文可知，本文主要是要告诉读者"市场到底是什么?"，故选择C。

　　【知识点】阅读选择之主旨大意题

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