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2019年中考英语语法复习:形容词和副词

来源 :中华考试网 2019-01-14

2019年中考英语语法复习:形容词和副词

  四.形容词和副词

  I. 形容词:

  1. 形容词的位置:

  1) 形容词作定语通常前置,但在下列情况后置:

1

修饰some, any, every, no和body, thing, one等构成的复合不定代词时

nobody absent, everything possible

2

以-able, -ible结尾的形容词可置于有最高级或only修饰的名词之后

the best book available, the only solution possible

3

alive, alike, awake, aware, asleep等可以后置

the only person awake

4

和空间、时间、单位连用时

a bridge 50 meters long

5

成对的形容词可以后置

a huge room simple and beautiful

6

形容词短语一般后置

a man difficult to get on with

  2) 多个形容词修饰同一个名词的顺序:

代词

数词

性状形容词

冠词前的形容词

冠词

指示代词

不定代词

代词所有格

序数词

基数词

性质

状态

大小

长短

<

形状

新旧

温度

颜色

国籍

产地

材料

质地

名词

all

both

such

the

a

this

another

your

second

next

one

four

beautiful

good

poor

large

short

square

new

cool

black

yellow

Chinese

London

silk

stone

  3) 复合形容词的构成:

1

形容词+名词+ed

kind-hearted

6

名词+形容词

world-famous

2

形容词+形容词

dark-blue

7

名词+现在分词

peace-loving

3

形容词+现在分词

ordinary-looking

8

名词+过去分词

snow-covered

4

副词+现在分词

hard-working

9

数词+名词+ed

three-egged

5

副词+过去分词

newly-built

10

数词+名词

twenty-year

  II. 副词

  副词的分类:

1

时间副词

soon, now, early, finally, once, recently

5

频度副词

always, often, frequently, seldom, never

2

地点副词

here, nearby, outside, upwards, above

6

疑问副词

how, where, when, why

3

方式副词

hard, well, fast, slowly, excitedly, really

7

连接副词

how, when, where, why, whether, however, meanwhile

4

程度副词

almost, nearly, very, fairly, quite, rather

8

关系副词

when, where, why

  III. 形容词和副词比较等级:

  形容词和副词的比较等级分为原级,比较级和最高级。比较级和最高级的构成一般是在形容词和副词后加-er和-est,多音节和一些双音节词前加more 和most。

  1. 同级比较时常常用 as…as…以及not so(as)…as…如:I am not so good a player as you are.

  2. 可以修饰比较级的词有:much, many, a lot, even, far, a bit, a little, still, yet, by far, any, a great deal。

  3. 表示一方随另一方变化时用“the more…the more…”句型。如:The harder you work, the more progress you will make.

  4. 用比较级来表达最高级的意思。如:I have never spent a more worrying day.

  5. 表示倍数的比较级有如下几种句型:

  Our school is three times larger than yours./Our school is four times as large as yours./Our school is four times the size of yours.

  6. 表示“最高程度“的形容词没有最高级和比较级。如:favourite, excellent, extreme, perfect。

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