2019年中考英语语法复习：形容词和副词
来源 :中华考试网 2019-01-14
中2019年中考英语语法复习：形容词和副词
四.形容词和副词
I. 形容词：
1. 形容词的位置：
1) 形容词作定语通常前置，但在下列情况后置：
|
1 |
修饰some, any, every, no和body, thing, one等构成的复合不定代词时 |
nobody absent, everything possible |
|
2 |
以-able, -ible结尾的形容词可置于有最高级或only修饰的名词之后 |
the best book available, the only solution possible |
|
3 |
alive, alike, awake, aware, asleep等可以后置 |
the only person awake |
|
4 |
和空间、时间、单位连用时 |
a bridge 50 meters long |
|
5 |
成对的形容词可以后置 |
a huge room simple and beautiful |
|
6 |
形容词短语一般后置 |
a man difficult to get on with |
2) 多个形容词修饰同一个名词的顺序：
|
代词 |
数词 |
性状形容词 | ||||||||
|
冠词前的形容词 |
冠词 指示代词 不定代词 代词所有格 |
序数词 |
基数词 |
性质 状态 |
大小 长短 <形状 |
新旧 温度 |
颜色 |
国籍 产地 |
材料 质地 |
名词 |
|
all both such |
the a this another your |
second next |
one four |
beautiful good poor |
large short square |
new cool |
black yellow |
Chinese London |
silk stone | |
3) 复合形容词的构成：
|
1 |
形容词+名词+ed |
kind-hearted |
6 |
名词+形容词 |
world-famous |
|
2 |
形容词+形容词 |
dark-blue |
7 |
名词+现在分词 |
peace-loving |
|
3 |
形容词+现在分词 |
ordinary-looking |
8 |
名词+过去分词 |
snow-covered |
|
4 |
副词+现在分词 |
hard-working |
9 |
数词+名词+ed |
three-egged |
|
5 |
副词+过去分词 |
newly-built |
10 |
数词+名词 |
twenty-year |
II. 副词
副词的分类：
|
1 |
时间副词 |
soon, now, early, finally, once, recently |
5 |
频度副词 |
always, often, frequently, seldom, never |
|
2 |
地点副词 |
here, nearby, outside, upwards, above |
6 |
疑问副词 |
how, where, when, why |
|
3 |
方式副词 |
hard, well, fast, slowly, excitedly, really |
7 |
连接副词 |
how, when, where, why, whether, however, meanwhile |
|
4 |
程度副词 |
almost, nearly, very, fairly, quite, rather |
8 |
关系副词 |
when, where, why |
III. 形容词和副词比较等级：
形容词和副词的比较等级分为原级，比较级和最高级。比较级和最高级的构成一般是在形容词和副词后加-er和-est，多音节和一些双音节词前加more 和most。
1. 同级比较时常常用 as…as…以及not so(as)…as…如：I am not so good a player as you are.
2. 可以修饰比较级的词有：much, many, a lot, even, far, a bit, a little, still, yet, by far, any, a great deal。
3. 表示一方随另一方变化时用“the more…the more…”句型。如：The harder you work, the more progress you will make.
4. 用比较级来表达最高级的意思。如：I have never spent a more worrying day.
5. 表示倍数的比较级有如下几种句型：
Our school is three times larger than yours./Our school is four times as large as yours./Our school is four times the size of yours.
6. 表示“最高程度“的形容词没有最高级和比较级。如：favourite, excellent, extreme, perfect。
