(5) 对定语的判断

　　1. The _______ exams usually take place at the end of June. ( finally)

　　2. On a _____ night, you can see thousands of stars in the sky. ( clearly)

　　3. In ______ w

　　4. The French artist said, “It is my _____ time to visit Shanghai. I love

　　this city so much. ( one )

　　5. Most people don’t like ________ food. ( freeze )

　　6. Who is your ________ teacher? ( chemical )

　　Key: (1) final (2) clear (3) freezing (4) first (5) frozen (6) chemistry

　　分析:定语是修饰名词与代词的成分。词性以形容词，序数词，介词短语为主。名词修

　　饰名词说明后面名称的性能或用途。如：stamp show / physics teacher。如果是动词

　　的适当形式作定语，动词必须改成 to do ,doing 或 done 的形式。

　　(6) 对状语的判断

　　1. The old lady could hardly believe that she had got the travel pass to Hong

　　Kong so ______ (easy)

　　2. Watch ______, and you will find the difference between the two pictures.

　　( care )

　　3. After flying in the storm for nearly one hour, the helicopter landed ______ at last. ( safe )

　　Key : (1) easily (2) carefully (3) safely

　　分析：状语是说明动作发生的时间，地点，原因，方式，目的，结果，条件和伴随情况

　　的成分。词性以副词为主，也可以是介词短语。如果是动词的适当形式作状语，动词必须改成 to do ,doing 或 done 的形式。

　　(7) 对连词的判断

　　1. Work harder, __________ you’ll make great progress in English.

　　2. My job is to protect the innocent __________ find the guilty.

　　3. __________ you __________ he can go to the cinema, but you cannot go together because I have only one ticket.

　　4. Can you tell me _________ you are from?

　　5. I’ll give you a call __________ I get to Japan.

　　Key: (1)and (2) as well as (3) Either…or (4) where (5) as soon as

　　分析：在英语中, 并列连词and, but, or, so , not only…but also, either …or, neither…nor, as well as, both… and等连接并列的词,词组和句子; 而从属连词则连接主句与从句。

　　Step2：在牢记了七种句子成分与十种词性的对应关系之后，多做综合的“用所给单词的正确形式填空”，有利于提高对句子成分的判断能力。熟练掌握词性转化的技巧是通向首字母填空的第二步。

　　Step3：锻炼自己的发散和归纳思维的能力，或称为“猜谜”的能力。

　　Exercise : Guess the missing word.

　　1. ________ are helpful to students.

　　2. ________ are helpful to students. They give them knowledge.

　　3. ________ are helpful to students. In class they teach them knowledge and after

　　class they care for them like parents.

　　4. ________ are helpful to students. They keep them healthy.

　　分析：按顺序做你会不假思索地得出答案，1---4均为Teachers，全部解完后再思考，似乎第一题答案不仅仅只有Teachers。按判断主语的结论，凡名词，只要合乎逻辑，都可作为第一题的答案，你会发现Books也可，继而得出结论：“一切有益于学生的复数名词均为正确答案，如：Exercises、Doctors、Police、Parents…”。第二题受后一句knowledge的限制，答案要少一些，如：Teachers、Books，第三题限制更多，从“care for”判断主语只能是人，即: Teachers。第四题受healthy的限制，最好填Doctors / Nurses。

　　以上练习说明解完形填空需要如下技能：

　　1. 对所缺词的句子成分必须作出精确判断，然后填入正确的词性，即必须熟练掌握句子成分与词性的对应关系。

　　2. 必须训练自己扩散性思维能力，如同猜谜，因为词义的确定依靠着对句中限制性信息的判断得出。

　　3. 良好的语法基本功。在确定完词性与词义后，名词单复数、形容词的比较等级和动词时态的确定等等建立在良好的语法基本功之上。

　　Step4：对词性、词义、词形的精确判断阶段，即综合运用阶段

　　Mr. Wu is getting old. He is l_______ the school soon. The s_______ in his class have given h______ a lot of p_______. Among t______ are cards, note-books, photos and books. Most of the cards are m______ by the students themselves.

　　Photos will h_____ Mr. Wu remember the happy t_________ when he was with his students. Next week, t________ will have a p_______ to s ______ goodbye to him.

　　分析：通读短文以后发现Mr. Wu 是一位老师。从old 可推断他不久要退休了,所以

　　“l____” 应为谓语动词 leaving ;“s____” 是第三句的主语, 结合 have 判断为 students; “h______”是give 的宾语, 判断为him ;“p_____” 的内容是 cards, note-books… , 所以判断为名词presents; “t_____” 是介词among 的宾语, 应为them ; “m____” 处于be done by 的结构中, 应为过去分词made;“h_____” 位于情态动词will 之后, 应为动词原形help;“t_____” 是remember 的宾语, 并且受到happy 的修饰应为 time;“t_____” 是主语, 名词或代词 teachers / they;

eather, the old had better stay at home. (freeze )