Passage 1

　　【答案与解析】这篇短文反映了学生书包过重这一引发人们思考的生活现实。书包过重引起了学生身体的不适。文中引用了几位学生对沉重书包的感想和体会，有的学生甚至还在书包上安装了轮子。专家认为书包重量不应超过学生体重的10%-15%。学生则认为减少作业量才能彻底解决这一问题。为了减小过重书包对学生身体造成的伤害，短文最后还附了医生的四点建议。

　　1.D。根据首段末句及所附医生的建议可知选项D乃是文章主旨。

　　2.A。短文前两句是本题答案之所在。

　　3.A。根据该词组所在句子及上下文意思，“许多学生使用带有轮子，可在地上滚动的书包”可以推测选项A的解释合乎文意。

　　4.C。专家建议学生书包重量应在他本人体重的10% 和15%之间。所以一个体重为40千克的学生所背书包的重量应是6千克。

　　5. C。显然，专家所提四项建议的目的是让学生的书包轻一些。

　　现在我们来总结一下逻辑推理性阅读理解题常见题干:

　　1.From the story we know that___________________.

　　2. We can infer (推断) from the story that___________.

　　3.According to the writer, _____________.

　　4.In the passage the writer tries to tell us that __________.

　　5. Which of the following is the writer’s attitude(态度)?

　　6. From the text we can guess the writer’s team is___________.

　　7. According to the story , what would happen next?

　　8.The writer suggests(暗示) that ___________.

　　9.The writer wants to prove (证明) that_________.

　　10. Which of the following is implied(暗示) in the passage?

　　11. The writer doesn’t agree that ____________.

　　12. We may infer that during the summer holiday ___________.

　　希望你能记住这些题干的含义，掌握分析的方法，还有一点需要说明，

　　在做这类题关键是对整篇文章的理解，遇到个别生词不要强求理解具体含义，可以根据上下文理解整句的含义。下面有两篇练习，你可以根据我们的讲解测验一下自己有没有收获。 I have loved my mother’s desk since I was just tall enough to see above the top of it as Mother sat doing letters. Standing by her chair, looking at the ink bottle, pens, and white paper, I decided that the act of writing must be the most wonderful thing in the world

　　Years later, during her final illness, Mother kept different things for my sister and brother. But the desk,” she’d said again, “ is for Elizabeth.”

　　I never saw her angry, never saw her cry. I knew she loved me; she showed it in action. But as a young girl, I wanted heart-to-heart talks between mother and daughter.

　　They never happened. And a gulf opened between us. I was “too emotional.” But she lived “ on the surface”.

　　As years passed and I had my own family. I loved my mother and thanked her for our happy family. I wrote in careful words and asked her to let me know in any way she chose that she did forgive me.

　　I posted the letter and waited for her answer. None came.

　　My hope turned to disappointment, then little interest and, finally, peace, it seemed that nothing happened.

　　I couldn’t be sure that the letter had even got to Mother. I only knew that I had written it, and I could stop trying to make her into someone she was not.

　　Now the present of her desk told me, as she had never been able to, that she was pleased that writing was my chosen work. I cleaned the desk carefully and found some papers inside— a photo of my father and a one-page letter, folded and refolded many times.

　　Give me an answer, my letter asks, in any way you choose. Mother, you always chose the act that speaks louder than words.

　　( ) 1.The passage shows that _______________.

　　A. Mother was cold on the surface but kind in her heart to her daughter

　　B. Mother was too serious about everything her daughter had done

　　C. Mother cared much about her daughter in words

　　D. Mother wrote to her daughter in careful words

　　( )2. What did Mother do with her daughter’s letter asking for forgiveness?

　　A. She had never received the letter

　　B. For years, she often talked about the letter.

　　C. She didn’t forgive her daughter at all in all her life.

　　D. She read the letter again and again till she died.

　　例2.

　　Several years ago, cell phones were very expensive. Only important people and people with a lot of money had them. These days, the prices have been greatly falling, and they come in small sizes and different colors. So more and more people, even high school students, have one in the hands.

　　It is true that it’s an easy way to keep in touch with friends at any time and in any place. But in places like classrooms, movie theatres, and museums, where everyone should be quiet or talk in a low voice, we can also hear the ringing. Some drivers have accidents for using cell phones when driving. Worst of all, some students who can’t pay their phone bills do something illegal to get money. So，are cell phones really a help?

　　() 3. How does the writer feel about cell phones?

　　A. They are really a help.

　　B. They harm people’s health.

　　C. He wants very much to know if they do people good.

　　D. It’s all right to use them in theatre.

　　参考答案：1. A 2. D 3. 4. C