托福综合写作真题回忆 where did the mammal in Madagascar came from?

　　托福独立写作真题回忆：

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　　托福写作真题题目：

　　where did the mammal in Madagascar came from?

　　托福写作范文：

　　In the lecture, the professor refutes against the view raised in the reading that the ancestor mammals in Madagascar were from Africa by crossing the sea.

　　Firstly, the reading holds that the situation where mammals can cross the ocean is very accidental, except in the extreme weather conditions such as tempest, which is still a harsh suffering for the animals to survive. Thus, the group migration is more impossible. However, the professor refutes that it is found that all the animals in Madagascar only have four ancestors dating back to 40 million years ago, which offers them sufficient time and opportunities to flow to Madagascar.

　　Secondly, the reading claims that the direction of ocean current near the Africa coast is not towards Madagascar. The floating mammals will be carried away from Madagascar by the current. But the professor disagrees with this by suggesting that the direction of the current 40 million years ago was different from that of now. Besides, the location of Africa and Madagascar is also changed now. So it is very likely that the ocean current near the Africa coast can carry the animals towards Madagascar.

　　Finally, in the reading passage, it indicates that the distance between Africa and Madagascar is very faraway, so the time that it takes to float to Madagascar is very long, which means the animals are prone to starve to death and die of thirst due to lack of freshwater. In contrast, the professor holds mammals can use torpor when they need to rest, they do not need to drink or eat when they are in the torpor with low rate of metabolism.