2019年全国英语等级考试三级阅读理解习题（4）

　　Depression (抑郁症) is a serious problem today.Depression causes workers to be unproductive，causing companies and countries to lose billions of dollars.One expert says that depression is like cancer because it is “widespread，costly and deadly”.Depression hits one person in five around the world.

　　Although people have believed depression to be a problem among the rich and educated，studies show that depression is a problem among everyone.Over any six­month period，between five to seven percent of the world’s population will be suffering from a serious depression.Suicide rates among people suffering from the disease in its extreme，or clinical form were 80 percent higher than in the population at large，and sufferers were four times more likely to have heart attacks.People who suffer from depression often have problems sleeping，getting up on time，and doing work productively.

　　Depression，which researchers agree has its origin in the genes，brings loss of confidence and ability to concentrate—making it impossible for employees and managers to work efficiently.

　　Depression is made more serious in China by Chinese’s inability to face it.Many people believe that depressed people are either weak or lazy.Besides，there is no good treatment，with few specialists available.“Most patients in China just don’t get help，”a Chinese doctor says.“In my hospital，I have to see 30 or 40 patients in a morning，just have time to say ‘Hello，how do you feel?’”

　　In Western countries，people are not afraid to admit that they have depression，but most do not tell it to their boss，because they fear that they will be stricken_off_the_rolls.“In my experience，aging bosses are the most willing to admit they have it.Because they feel the most secure about themselves，” an American doctor says.

　　Hopefully，in the near future，people around the world will be able to admit that they have depression so that they can get the right treatment.

　　小题1:Which of the following is true according to the passage?A.It is widely believed that everyone may suffer from depression.

　　B.Depression brings great problems to its sufferers in their life and work.

　　C.Depression is a commonly­existing problem only in rich countries.

　　D.The poorer and the less educated a person is，the less he will suffer from depression.

　　小题2:.Compared to normal people，the depressed people are likely to be________.A.very unconfident and often absent­minded

　　B.easy to avoid being hit by heart attacks

　　C.working efficiently and productively

　　D.either weak or lazy

　　小题3:Depression becomes more serious in China because of________.A.the understanding of the problem

　　B.the lack of treatment and doctors

　　C.their unwillingness to tell it to their boss

　　D.the doctors’ careless work

　　小题4:What can we infer from the passage?A.People are suffering from depression because of the shortage of specialists.

　　B.The aging bosses around the world dare to say they are depressed.

　　C.More and more patients will turn to specialists for help.

　　D.Western people are braver than Chinese people.

　　小题5:What does the underlined words in the 5th paragraph mean?A.Hired.B.Dismissed.

　　C.Promoted.　D.Recommended.

　　参考答案及解析

　　小题1:B

　　小题2:A

　　小题3:B

　　小题4:C

　　小题5:B

　　语篇解读　本文是一篇科普类说明文。抑郁症已经成为威胁人们正常生活和工作的一个重要的疾病形式，人们应正确地面对抑郁症。

　　小题1:解析：　细节理解题。根据文章第二段最后一句“People who suffer from depression often have problems sleeping，getting up on time，and doing work productively.”可知，答案B符合文意。

　　答案：　B

　　小题2:解析：　细节理解题。根据文章第三段“...brings loss of confidence and ability to concentrate—making it impossible for...”可知，答案A符合文意。

　　答案：　A

　　小题3:解析：　细节理解题。根据文章第四段第一句和第三句“Besides，there is no good treatment，with few specialists available.”可知，抑郁症在中国更严重一方面是因为人们不能正视这个事实，另一方面是由于缺少专家和较好的治疗。

　　答案：　B

　　小题4:解析：　推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Hopefully，in the near future，people around the world will be able to admit that they have depression so that they can get the right treatment.”可推知，将会有越来越多的人向专家求助，故答案C正确。

　　答案：　C

　　小题5:解析：　词义猜测题。根据对文章第三段的整体理解可以推知，员工一旦把自己抑郁的情况告诉老板，老板有可能会由于抑郁能使人没有自信或不能够集中工作而辞退员工。故stricken off the rolls与dismissed的意思最为接近。

　　答案：　B