2018年9月公共英语三级阅读理解试题及答案

　　If you could be anybody in the world, who would it be? Your neighbour or a super star? A few people have experienced what it might be like to step into the skin of another person, thanks to an unusual virtual reality(虚拟现实)device. Rikke Wahl, an actress, model and artist, was one of the participants in a body swapping experiment at the Be Another lab, a project developed by a group of artists based in Barcelona. She swapped with her partner, an actor, using a machine called The Machine to Be Another and temporarily became a man. "As I looked down, I saw my whole body as a man, dressed in my partner's pants," she said. "That's the picture I remember best."

　　The set-up is relatively simple. Both users wear a virtual reality headset with a camera on the top. The video from each camera is sent to the other person, so what you see is the exact view of your partner. If she moves her arm, you see it. If you move your arm, she sees it.

　　To get used to seeing another person's body without actually having control of it, participants start by raising their arms and legs very slowly, so that the other can follow along. Eventually, this kind of slow synchronised(同步的)movement becomes comfortable, and participants really start to feel as though they are living in another person's body.

　　Using such technology promises to alter people's behaviour afterwards-potentially for the better. Studies have shown that virtual reality can be effective in fighting racism-the bias(偏见)that humans have against those who don't look or sound like them. Researchers at the University of Barcelona gave people a questionnaire called the Implicit Association Test, which measures the strength of people's associations between, for instance, black people and adjectives such as good, bad, athletic or awkward. Then they asked them to control the body of a dark skinned digital character using virtual reality glasses, before taking the test again. This time, the participants' bias scores were lower. The idea is that once you've "put yourself in another's shoes" you're less likely to think ill of them, because your brain has internalised the feeling of being that person.

　　The creators of The Machine to Be Another hope to achieve a similar result. "At the end of body swapping, people feel like holding each other in their arms," says Arthur Pointeau, a programmer with the project. "It's a really nice way to have this kind of experience. I would really, really recommend it to everyone."

　　小题1:The word "swapping" (paragraph 1) is closest in meaning to______.A.buildingB.exchangingC.controllingD.transplanting

　　小题2:We can infer from the experiment at the Be Another lab that______.A.our feelings are related to our bodily experience

　　B.we can learn to take control of other people's bodies

　　C.participants will live more passionately after the experiment

　　D.The Machine to Be Another can help people change their sexes

　　小题3:In the Implicit Association Test, before the participants used virtual reality glasses to control a dark skinned digital character, ______.A.they fought strongly against racism

　　B.they scored lower on the test for racism

　　C.they changed their behaviour dramatically

　　D.they were more biased against those unlike them

　　小题4:It can be concluded from the passage that______.A.technology helps people realize their dreams

　　B.our biases could be eliminated through experiments

　　C.virtual reality helps promote understanding among people

　　D.our points of view about others need changing constantly

　　参考答案及解析

　　小题1:B

　　小题2:A

　　小题3:D

　　小题4:C

　　试题分析：文章介绍了一种Be another lab的体验，可以让人们互换角色，这样可以一定程度上消除人们的偏见，也可以促进人与人的相互理解。

　　小题1:猜词题：根据第一段的最后的描写：She swapped with her partner, an actor, using a machine called The Machine to Be Another and temporarily became a man. "As I looked down, I saw my whole body as a man, dressed in my partner's pants," she said. "That's the picture I remember best."可知女演员和男演员互换角色，所以swapping的意思是“交换”，所以选B。

　　小题2:推理题：根据文章第三段的最后一句话：Eventually, this kind of slow synchronised(同步的)movement becomes comfortable, and participants really start to feel as though they are living in another person's body.可知从Be another lab的体验可以推断出我们的感觉和身体的经验有关，所以选A

　　小题3:细节题：根据文章第四段的句子：Studies have shown that virtual reality can be effective in fighting racism-the bias(偏见)that humans have against those who don't look or sound like them.可知在the Implicit Association test中，在参与者使用虚拟现实的眼镜控制一个深色皮肤的人物之前，他们对不像他们的人物更有偏见，选D

　　小题4:推理题：根据文章最后一段的句子："At the end of body swapping, people feel like holding each other in their arms," says Arthur Pointeau, a programmer with the project可知虚拟现实帮助促进人们之间的理解，所以选C