2018年公共英语三级阅读理解解题技巧：语义题

　　语义题

　　语义题也就是词义题，主要考核学生根据上下文推断词义的能力。标志词有

　　“the meaning/stand for/be close to/refer to/mean”等。解题时可利用文中的例证。我们在答题时，可采用以下方法：

　　1) 利用与这个词紧密相连的前后几个词作解题线索，特别是后面跟有文字说明词义的同位语、定语、破折号、逗号时，常常就是答案所在的位置;

　　2) 利用文章中出现的与某生词或词组意义相反的内容;

　　3) 利用文章中用不同的话对同一概念的解释;

　　4) 利用基本的构词法，如前后缀、合成词等。

　　例如：

　　Adverse(不良的) drug reactions may cause the deaths of 100,000 U.S. hospital

　　patients each year, making them a leading cause of death nationwide, according to a report in the Journal of the American Medical Association.

　　“The incidence(发生率) of serious and fatal adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in US hospitals was found to be extremely high, ” say researchers at the University of

　　Toronto in Ontario, Canada.

　　They carried out an analysis of 39 ADR-related studies at US hospitals over the past 30 years and defined and ADR as “any harmful, unintended, and undesired effect of a drug which occurs at doses(剂量) used in humans for medical treatment.”

　　An average 6.7% of all hospitalized patients experience an ADR every year,

　　according to the researchers. They estimate that “in 1994, overall 2,216,000 hospitalized patients had serious ADRs, and 106,000 had fatal ADRs.” This means that ADRs may rank as the fourth single largest cause of death in America. (2007年12月浙江省大学英语三级考试题)

　　What does the word “fatal” (Para.2&4) mean in the passage?

　　A. Resulting in death. B. Lucky.

　　C. Leading to happiness. D. Worried.

　　该题考查考生根据上下文猜测生词意义的能力。文章第一段就说leading cause of death(导致死亡的原因)。第四段最后一句话又说“这就意味着不良药物反应在美国可能是导致死亡的第四大杀手”，因此很容易推断出fatal的是“致命的”。 A项与fatal的意思吻合，故为正确选项。

　　语义题的检验方法是根据该词或词组出现的上下文的语境。

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