41. What is the situation in the rural areas in China?

　　It's not so easy to monitor and control the population growth in the countryside as in the city, because the countryside is so scattered. Besides, some farmers still give birth to more than one child in spite of the penalty from the government because they need sons to help with farm work and to take care of them when they grow old.

　　42. What difficulties do Chinese farmers have concerning their old age?

　　They have no pension and therefore must rely on their families to support them. If they have a son, by tradition, he must take care of his parents. But, if it's a daughter, she leaves to join her husband's family, and there is no one left to provide for the parents in their old age. It's really a terrible situation for farmers, because they work so hard all their lives, and if they don't have a son, they have no security when they get old.

　　43. How would you sum up work conditions for women in China?

　　Women have almost equal opportunity with men. But in the countryside, women aren't treated very well still. In the city, educated women have excellent opportunities to get good jobs and move up the career ladder. But women in the countryside are treated almost like property. The less educated the woman or her husband is, the more likely it is that she will not be treated well.

　　44. What does friendship mean to you? What kind of people do you make friends with?

　　Friendship is extremely important to me. It's like being brothers or sisters, but even more than that. I mean, I would do nearly anything for my friend, and I'd expect that he'd do the same for me. If he didn't help me when I was in need, then I would not consider him a good friend. I have many different kinds of friends. Some are loud, others are shy. There's not really just one type of friends that I like. I prefer having a real variety of friends.

　　45. What do you think of the practice of setting up key schools in primary and secondary school education in China?

　　a. I think it's a good system because it helps the brighter students receive the educational challenges they need. When the students are streamed by ability level, it allows the schools to pick up the pace of instruction and the bright students never feel bored in school.

　　b. I think it's an old system that needs changing. Not every intelligent student is accepted by a key school, even if they are academically able. Also, intelligent students shouldn't be segregated. They need to learn to deal with all kinds of other students. Segregating bright students doesn't provide them with the skills they need to communicate and interact with others, which is what they'll need once they start working.

　　46. What do you think the goal of education should be? Should it be a process of learning what is useful for your future life or should it be simply learning for enjoyment? Why?

　　Education should really be a time when you learn new ways of thinking and are challenged to go beyond what you know. But if I were to choose between learning

　　useful things versus learning for enjoyment, I would definitely choose learning for enjoyment. I don't mean just learning when I feel like it. Rather, I mean studying things that interest me. If I am truly interested in a subject, I will delve into the material in greater depth and detail.

　　47. Do you think smoking is a problem that needs special attention and has to be solved? If so, why?

　　Yes. People in China aren't aware of the terrible health consequences of smoking. They just smoke because it's socially acceptable to do so. If more people knew they might get cancer from smoking, they would probably stop smoking, or at least smoke less. I do think that the tobacco industry is a big business, and if we tried to eliminate smoking, we'd also be eliminating jobs. It's a tough situation, but at the very least, people should be told that smoking causes lung cancer. That way they can make an informed choice about whether to smoke or not.

　　48. In what way do you think university training is helpful or falls short? In China, going to university can help me get a good job. But, many courses are too old and not very useful. The professors are just recently graduated and very new in their field, or older and not current with new developments. Also, we have to take all sorts of courses that are not directly related to our field. This, I feel, is a complete waste of time. We could be learning much more in our own field, instead of spending time learning courses that have no use for our future.

　　49. What role does tourism play in your country's economy?

　　Tourism is playing a more and more important role in our country's economy. Since the opening up, the number of tourists has increased dramatically, and this is a useful source of foreign currency for the country.

　　50. In your opinion, what are the most serious problems associated with modern life?

　　I think that parents are very busy with their work or careers and have little time to spend with their child. Many people only think about money, and as a result, their families often suffer. What's the point of leading a modern life if you're not very happy as a family? I really think that families are very important, but they are often overlooked and underrated. If China wants to be a strong country, we need to do all we can to strengthen our families.

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