A child who has once been pleased with a tale likes, as a rule, to have it retold in almost the same words, but this should not lead parents to treat printed fairy stories as formal texts. It is always much better to tell a story than read it out of a book, and, if a parent can produce what, in the actual situation of the time and the child, is an improvement on the printed text, so much the better.

　　A charge made against fairy tales is that they harm the child by frightening him or making him sad thinking. To prove the latter, one would have to show in a controlled experiment that children who have read fairy stories were more often sorry for cruelty than those who had not. As to fears, there are, I think, some cases of children being dangerously terrified by some fairy story. Often, however, this arises (出现) from the child having heard the story once. Familiarity with the story by repetition turns the pain of fear into the pleasure of a fear faced and mastered.

　　There are also people who object to fairy stories on the grounds that they are not objectively true, that giants, witches, twoheaded dragons, magic carpets, etc. do not exist; and that, instead of being fond of the strange side in fairy tales, the child should be taught to learn the reality by studying history. I find such people, I must say so peculiar (奇怪的) that I do not know how to argue with them. If their case were sound, the world should be full of mad men attempting to fly from New York to Philadelphia on a stick or covering a telephone with kisses in the belief that it was their beloved girlfriend.

　　No fairy story ever declared to be a description of the real world and no clever child has ever believed that it was.

　　1.The author considers that a fairy story is more effective when it is ________.

　　A.repeated without any change

　　B.treated as a joke

　　C.made some changes by the parent

　　D.set in the present

　　解析：细节理解题。根据 It is always much better to tell a story than read it out of a book, and, if a parent can produce what, in the actual situation of the time and the child, is an improvement on the printed text, so much the better. 可推知此题答案为C。

　　答案：C

　　2.According to the passage, great fear can take place in a child when the story is ________.

　　A.in a realistic setting

　　B.heard for the first time

　　C.repeated too often

　　D.told in a different way

　　解析：细节题。根据this arises (出现) from the child having heard the story once.可推知此题答案为B。

　　答案：B

　　2.The advantage claimed (提出) for repeating fairy stories to young children is that it ________.

　　A.makes them less fearful

　　B.develops their power of memory

　　C.makes them believe there is nothing to be afraid of

　　D.encourages them not to have strange beliefs

　　解析：细节理解题。根据Familiarity with the story by repetition turns the pain of fear into the pleasure of a fear faced and mastered.可以得出此答案。

　　答案：A

　　3.The author's mention of sticks and telephones is meant to suggest that ________.

　　A.fairy stories are still being made up

　　B.there is some misunderstanding about fairy tales

　　C.people try to modernize old fairy stories

　　D.there is more concern for children's fears nowadays

　　解析：推理判断题。有些人认为神话不现实，都是教孩子一些不存在的东西，会对孩子有不好的影响。作者用虚拟语气作了一个假设，如果这些观点站得住脚的话，可能会出现这样的情况：the world should be full of mad men attempting to fly from New York to Philadelphia on a stick or covering a telephone with kisses in the belief that it was their beloved girl-friend.可见持这种观点的人实际上是对神话的一种误解。

　　答案：B

　　4.One of the reasons why some people are not in favor of fairy tales is that ________.

　　A.they are full of imagination

　　B.they just make up the stories which are far from the truth

　　C.they are not interesting

　　D.they make teachers of history difficult to teach

　　解析：推理判断题。根据...not objectively true, do not exist可知有些人不赞成神话故事的原因是这些故事是编出来的，远离现实。故选B。

　　答案：B

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