2018年公共英语二级阅读理解练习题（16）

　　If you want to stay young, sit down and have a good think. This is the research finding of a team of Japanese doctors, who say that most of our brains are not getting enough exercise—and as a result, we are aging unnecessarily soon.

　　Professor Taiju Matsuzawa wanted to find out why otherwise healthy farmers in northern Japan appeared to be losing their ability to think and reason at a relatively early age, and how the process of aging could be slowed down.

　　With a team of colleagues at Tokyo National University, he set about measuring brain volumes of a thousand people of different ages and varying occupations.

　　Computer technology enabled the researchers to obtain precise measurements of the volume of the front and side sections of the brain, which relate to intellect (智能) and emotion, and determine the human character. (The rear section of the brain, which controls functions like eating and breathing, does not contract with age, and one can continue living without intellectual or emotional faculties.)

　　Contraction of front and side parts—as cells die off—was observed in some subjects in their thirties, but it was still not evident in some sixty- and seventy-year-olds.

　　Matsuzawa concluded from his tests that there is a simple remedy to the contraction normally associated with age—using the head. The findings show in general terms that contraction of the brain begins sooner in people in the country than in the towns. Those least at risk, says Matsuzawa, are lawyers, followed by university professors and doctors. White collar workers doing routine work in government offices are, however, as likely to have shrinking brains as the farm worker, bus driver and shop assistant. Matsuzawa’s findings show that thinking can prevent the brain from shrinking. Blood must circulate properly in the head to supply the fresh oxygen the brain cells need. “The best way to maintain good blood circulation is through using the brain,” he says, “Think hard and engage in conversation. Don’t rely on pocket calculators.”

　　小题1:The team of doctors wanted to find out ________.

　　why certain people age sooner than others

　　B. how to make people live longer

　　C. the size of certain people’s brains

　　D. which people are most intelligent

　　小题2:On what are their research findings based?

　　A survey of farmers in northern Japan.

　　B. Tests performed on a thousand old people.

　　C. The study of brain volumes of different people

　　D. The latest development of computer technology.

　　小题3:The word “subjects” in Paragraph 5 means ________.

　　something to be considered

　　B. branches of knowledge studied

　　C. persons chosen to be studied in an experiment

　　D. any member of a state except the supreme ruler.

　　小题4:According to the passage, which people seem to age slower than the others?A.Lawyers.B.Farmers.

　　C.Clerks.D.Shop assistants.

　　参考答案及解析

　　小题1:A

　　小题2:C

　　小题3:C

　　小题4:A

　　试题分析：想要保持年轻吗?单从头脑上来说，越是乐于思考、使用大脑的人，越不容易脑衰老，日本学者的研究如是表示。律师这样的职业，衰老的速度要小于别的行业。

　　小题1:细节理解题。由第二段“Professor Taiju Matsuzawa wanted to find out why otherwise healthy farmers in northern Japan appeared to be losing their ability to think and reason at a relatively early age, and how the process of ageing could be slowed down.”可知医生们想要研究出为什么一些人比其他人老得更快。故选A。

　　小题2:细节理解题。由“he set about measuring brain volumes of a thousand people of different ages and varying occupations.”可知选C。

　　小题3:词义猜测题。由“……but it was still not evident in some sixty- and seventy-year-olds.”可知“subjects”指的是被选入实验中做研究的人。故选C。

　　小题4:细节理解题。由“Those least at risk, says Matsuzawa, are lawyers,……”可知律师变老的风险最小。故选A。