We all love a hero, and rescue dogs are some of the biggest heroes of all. You will often find them going above and beyond duty to save someone, risking--and at times losing--their lives in the process.

　　Rescue dogs are generally found in the Sporting and Hunting Groups, or from the traditional Herding Group. These types include the Bloodhound, Labrador Retriever, Newfoundland, German Shepherd, Golden Retriever, and Belgian Malinois--all of which are chosen for search-and-rescue duty because of their amazing physical strength, loyalty, and their tendency for mental stability.

　　These types also have a keen sense of hearing and smell--to better locate lost individuals—and are often able to access hard-to-reach areas. As highly trained animals, they serve in many different fields, including specialist search, snow slide rescue, dead body location, and tracking.

　　To overcome obstacles and succeed when performing the demanding duties of a search-and-rescue worker, a dog must display certain qualities. In addition to intelligence and strength, the dog must be swift, confident, easily trainable, adaptable, and have a high level of stamina (耐力) and endurance.

　　A strong sense of group cooperation and an ability to engage in friendly play during "down" time is also required of search-and-rescue dogs.

　　A rescue dog goes through many, many hours of intensive training to be fit for duty. Training is not for the faint-hearted. Certification training can take from two to three years, working three to four hours a day, three to six days a week, often in group,team-oriented sessions.

　　Each search-and-rescue field requires different types of training. Rescue training, for instance, includes "air scenting"--where dogs are trained to smell the air for the victim' s scent (气味) and then follow the scent to the person. This ability is crucial to finding victims trapped under collapsed buildings and snow slide.

　　40. Rescue dogs are chosen probably because__

　　A. they are loyal B. they are brave

　　C. they have amazing appearances D. they have good eyesight

　　41. What does "faint-hearted" in Paragraph 5 mean??

　　A. Courageous. B. Cowardly.

　　C. Energetic. D. Slow.

　　42. Which ability is most important for dogs to rescue people trapped in snow?

　　A. Sharp hearing. B. Swift movement.

　　C. Extraordinary smelling. D. A strong memory.

　　43. What is the passage mainly about?

　　A. Selection process of rescue dogs.

　　B. Qualities and training of rescue dogs.

　　C. Risks rescue dogs are faced with.

　　D. Types of tasks rescue dogs can perform.

　　40.【答案】A.

　　【考情点拨】事实细节题。

　　41.【答案】B

　　【考情点拨】词义理解题。

　　【应试指导】第五段主要描述搜救犬需要经过长期的艰苦训练，所以这种训练应该不适合懦弱胆小者，只有顽强的搜救犬才能坚持下来。由此推测。faint—hearted应指“懦弱的”，故选B。

　　42.【答案】C

　　【考情点拨】推理判断题。

　　【应试指导】由第六段最后两句可知，搜救训练的一项内容是让搜救犬去嗅空气中受害者的气味，这项能力对发现被困在坍塌建筑物和雪崩中的受害者至关重要。由此可推断，在搜救被困在雪里的受害者时，搜救犬极其敏锐的嗅觉是最重要的，故选C。

　　43.【答案】B

　　【考情点拨】主旨大意题。

　　【应试指导】文章第二、三、四段主要讲搜救犬需要具备的能力和条件，第五、六段讲搜救犬的训练.所以这篇文章的主题是搜救犬的本领和训练，故选B。

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