Passage 1

　　【语篇导读】本文是说明文,主要介绍了气候变暖对生活在南极地区的海豹的影响,

　　1.What does the author regard climate changes for seals as?

　　A.A double-edged sword.

　　B.An unavoidable disaster for existence.

　　C.A mirror of evolution.

　　D.A requirement for more choice in the gene pool.

　　答案　A

　　解析　推理判断题。文章第一至三段介绍了气候变暖对南极地区海豹的负面影响,第四、五段介绍了气候变暖对其他海豹种类的正面影响。由此可知,在作者看来,对海豹来说,气候变暖有利有弊,是把双刃剑。

　　2.What will happen to the seals in warmer climates?

　　A.Their number will be on the increase.

　　B.The female seals will be in the lead.

　　C.Their genes will change a great deal.

　　D.The females will keep away from the males.

　　答案　A

　　解析　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“...those living in warmer climates are producing more young due to the changes.”可知,生活在较温暖地区的海豹会因为天气变暖而繁殖更多的幼崽。由此可知,它们的数量会增加。

　　3.Which of the following can be the best title for the text?

　　A.The Importance of Protecting Seals

　　B.Seals’ Adaptation to Climate Change

　　C.How Climate Change Affects Seals

　　D.Why Are Seals Becoming Less and Less

　　答案　C

　　解析　主旨大意题。根据全文可知,介绍了气候变暖对生活在不同地区的海豹的负面影响和正面影响,因此C项“气候变化如何影响海豹”作本文标题最佳。

Passage 2

　　【语篇导读】为什么飞行员在起飞和降落的过程中使灯光变暗?本文给出了解释。

　　1.The lights are dimmed before takeoff to help passengers 　　　.

　　A.take a short break

　　B.escape in time of emergency

　　C.create a warm atmosphere

　　D.adapt their eyes to the bright environment

　　答案　B

　　解析　细节理解题。根据“The dimmed lights before taking off from the runway and landing are a flight precaution used to help passengers’ eyes adjust more quickly during an emergency escape.”可知,调暗灯光是一种飞行预防措施,用于帮助乘客在紧急逃生时眼睛快速适应。

　　2.What is one of the roles of shortening “dark adaptation” time?

　　A.Slowing down the landing.

　　B.Adjusting the plane lights.

　　C.Keeping passengers calm.

　　D.Helping the crew judge outside risks.

　　答案　D

　　解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“It also makes it easier for flight attendants to assess any outside risks...”可知,它能帮助机组人员判断外面的危险。

　　3.What does the underlined word “It” in the last paragraph refer to?

　　A.Dimming lights. B.The escape process.

　　C.Reducing tension. D.The passage.

　　答案　A

　　解析　代词指代题。根据上文的“Not only does dimming lights add valuable time to the escape process,it also reduces the tension...”可知,此处的It指的就是“被调暗的灯光”,所以选A项。

　　4.What is the text mainly about?

　　A.A tip of air travel.

　　B.An emergency event on a plane.

　　C.A warning message on a plane.

　　D.An explanation of an airline safety measure.

　　答案　D

　　解析　主旨大意题。通读全文可知,飞行员在起飞和降落的过程中使灯光变暗是一种安全措施,文章是对该措施的解释,所以选D项。

　　【长难句分析】Not only does dimming lights add valuable time to the escape process,it also reduces the tension on your eyes if you need to look outside,or see the emergency lighting along the passage.

　　被调暗的灯不仅为逃离过程增加了宝贵的时间,而且在你需要往外看,或者看通道上的紧急照明时,它也能会减少眼睛的压力。

　　本句是一个由Not only...引导的倒装句,if引导的是条件状语从句,need和see是并列谓语。