考公共英语三级口语该注意的几条原则

　　(一) 主题句原则

　　一个好的主题句是文章成功的一半。不仅文章有主题，段落有纲，句也必有中心。在立足于篇章时，一定要首先明确文的主题;在发展段落时，也要首先写好主题句。从PETS三的特点来考虑，主题句最好是置于文首或段首，这样让人一目了然! 以下就是两个实用的开门见山式发展主题句的方法。

　　●To begin with, we must attach the greatest importance to this issue/fact (key word).

　　●As is well known to all, it is now high time that we took this (topic word) into serious consideration.

　　(二) 句式变化原则

　　好的文章动静结合、张弛有度有节奏感。句式也是一样，要有变化性，这不仅能使文章更生动，也是语言表达方式的需要和表达能力的体现。句式的变化，主要是要注意两点：

　　● 不要从头至尾使用一种句型。

　　● 长短句结合。

　　由于语言功底的欠缺和惯用思维，很多人写的文章一种句式到头，如：

　　I think …

　　I hope…

　　He does it.

　　He will take it

　　这样的文章虽然意思表达出来了，却显得呆板，欠生动。解决的办法是：

　　1.间或使用主从复句。

　　Because he is very much determined, he will carry it out this time. (原因)

　　比较：He is very much determined. He will carry it out this time.

　　2.使用分词结构句。

　　The weather being fine, a large number of people went sightseeing.

　　比较：The weather is fine. A large number of people went sightseeing.

　　Africa is the second largest continent, its size being about three times that of China.

　　比较：Africa is the second largest continent. Its size is about three times that of China.

　　3.使用不定式句。

　　To be or not to be, that is a question. (莎士比亚)

　　To study or not to study, that is much different.(引申)

　　To do it well, you must plan it well.

　　比较：You want to do it well. And you must plan it well.

　　4.倒装句

　　Only when we fully recognize its importance can we have control of its essence.

　　比较：After we fully recognize its importance, we can have control of its essence.

　　No sooner had he arrived home than it began to rain.

　　比较：He arrived home. And it began to rain.

　　5.失衡句

　　whether or not he will come is still unknown to all the people present.

　　比较：No one present knows whether he will come or not.

　　That he has done it all by himself is known to everyone.

　　比较：Everyone knows that he has done it all by himself.

　　长短句结合，抑扬顿挫，特别是经典名言，既有说服力，又让人过目不忘!我们在这里给大家设计一个通用模式，供大家参考。

　　●在文章第一段(开头)用一长一短，且先长后短。

　　●在文章主体部分，要先用一个短句解释主要意思，然后在阐述几个要点的时候采用先短后长的句群形式。

　　●文章结尾一般用一长一短。

　　(三) 层次原则

　　发展句子时，还要注意层次性。英语作文讲究的是先明确主旨，再层层推进。不仅意义有主次，结构也有上下轻重。我们在作文时，也要根据主题的需要和段落的发展需要，将层次体现出来。此外，条理是否清楚也是评判的一个重要标准。 以下是简单而使用句间连接词。

　　●first of all, above all

　　●firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally

　　●the first, the second, the third, the last

　　●in the first place, in the second place, in the third place, lastly

　　●to begin with, then, furthermore, finally

　　●to start with, next, in addition, finally

　　●first and foremost, besides, last but not least

　　●besides, in addition, what’s more, moreover

　　●on the one hand, on the other hand

　　●for one thing, for another thing