RHCE7认证学习笔记：Apache配置与管理
一、Httpd.conf配置文件主要参数
ServerRoot：
Listen：添加除80之外的监听端口，如808,需要加入selinux的上下文，
[root@linuxidc ~]# semanage port -a -t http_port_t -p tcp 808
Include：加载的模块
[root@linuxidc ~]# httpd -M 查看加载的模块
ServerName：设置站点名，标记不同的站点；
DocumentRoot：站点主目录
Directory：目录
Options Indexes FollowSymLinks ----Index指index.html不存在，则列出访问资源，FollowSymLinks是否允许软链接访问；
AllowOverride None ：是否允许.htaccess文件的内容覆盖httpd.conf
Allow open access:
Require all granted
或者Require all denied
Require ip 192.168.1.10
Require local
[root@linuxidc test]# htpasswd -mc .htpasswd tom
.htaccess
1 AuthName "test"
2 AuthType Basic
3 AuthUserFile /etc/httpd/conf/.htpasswd
4 require user RedHat
DirectoryIndex index.html
设置访问别名：
Alias /webpath /full/filesystem/path
动态网页：
CGI: 公共网关接口
ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ "/var/www/cgi-bin/"
WSGI:web server gateway interface
SSI：server side include 默认的后缀名需为：shtml shtm
地址重写，页面跳转：
URL:域名+URI
RewriteEngine on
RewriteRule ^/test$ /test/ [R]
二、配置虚拟主机
1、基于主机名
#ServerAdmin webmaster@dummy-host.example.com
DocumentRoot /var/www/html/linuxidc
ServerName www.linuxidc.com
ServerAlias www1.linuxidc.com
# ErrorLog "/var/log/httpd/dummy-host.example.com-error_log"
# CustomLog "/var/log/httpd/dummy-host.example.com-access_log" common
2、基于IP地址
12345678
#ServerAdmin webmaster@dummy-host.example.com
DocumentRoot /var/www/html/linuxidc
ServerName www.linuxidc.com
ServerAlias www1.linuxidc.com
# ErrorLog "/var/log/httpd/dummy-host.example.com-error_log"
# CustomLog "/var/log/httpd/dummy-host.example.com-access_log" common
3、基于端口
三、配置HTTPS
Https -- http + ssl(or tls)
服务器端进入/etc/pki/tls/certs目录，生成测试用的证书和私钥：
[root@linuxidc certs]# make test.crt
安装ssl模块：
yum install mod_ssl.x86_64 -y
编辑虚拟主机配置文件
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44 #ServerAdmin webmaster@dummy-host.example.com
45 DocumentRoot /var/www/html/sg
46 ServerName www.sg.com
47 ServerAlias www1.sg.com
48 SSLEngine on
49 SSLCertificateFile /etc/httpd/conf/sg.crt
50 SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/httpd/conf/sg.key
51 # ErrorLog "/var/log/httpd/dummy-host.example.com-error_log"
52 # CustomLog "/var/log/httpd/dummy-host.example.com-access_log" common
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33 #ServerAdmin webmaster@dummy-host.example.com
34 DocumentRoot /var/www/html/sg
35 ServerName www.sg.com
36 ServerAlias www1.sg.com
37 RewriteEngine on
38 RewriteRule ^/(.*) https://www.sg.com/$1 [L,R]
39 # ErrorLog "/var/log/httpd/dummy-host.example.com-error_log"
40 # CustomLog "/var/log/httpd/dummy-host.example.com-access_log" common
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