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2022年考研《英语一》精选练习试题2

来源 :中华考试网 2021-07-05

  [单选题]

  When people grow old,they become quite different from the young on thoughts.It is often observed that the aged spend much time thinking and talking about their past lives,1______ about the future.These reminiscences are not simply random or trivial memories,2______ is their purpose merely to make conversation.The old person’s recollections of the past help to 3______ an identity that is becoming increasingly fragile :4______ any role that brings respect or any goal that might provide 5______ to the future,the individual mentions their past as a reminder to listeners,that here was a life 6______ everyone to have a good living.7______,the memories form part of a continuing life 8______,in which the old person 9______ the events and experiences of the years gone by and 10______ on the overall meaning of his or her own almost completed life.

  As the life cycle 11______ to its close,the aged must also learn to accept the reality of their own impending ( 即将发生的) death.Yet this task is made 12______ by the fact that death is almost a 13______ subject in the United States.The mere discussion of death is often regarded as 14______.As adults many of us find the topic frightening and are 15______ to think about it-and certainly not to talk about it in the 16______ of someone who is dying.Death has achieved this taboo 17______only in the modem industrial societies.There seems to be an important reason for our reluctance to 18______ the idea of death.It is the very fact that death remains 19______ our control;it is almost the only one of the natural 20______ that is so.

  The mere discussion of death is often regarded as 14______.

  Anotorious

  Bindecent

  Cobscure

  Ddesperate

  参考答案:B

  [单选题]

  The majority of people,about nine out of ten,are right-handed. 1______ until recently,people who were left-handed were considered 2______,and once children showed this tendency they were forced to use their right hands.Today left-handedness is generally 3______,but it is still a disadvantage in a world 4______ most people are right-handed.For example,most tools and implements are still 5______ for right-handed people.

  In sports by contrast,doing things with the left hand or foot,is often a( n)6______.Throwing,kicking,punching or batting from the “7______” side may result in throwing off many opponents who are more 8______ to dealing with 9______ of players who are right-handed.This is why,in many 10______ at a professional level,a 11______ proportion of players are left-handed than in the population as a whole.

  The word “right” in many languages means “correct” or is 12______ with lawfulness whereas the words 13______ with “left”,such as “sinister”,generally have 14______ associations.Moreover,among a number of primitive peoples,there is a close association 15______ death and the left hand.

  In the past,in 16______ Western societies,children were often forced to use their right hands,especially to write with.In some cases the left hand was 17______ behind the child’s back so that it could not be used.If,in the future,they are 18______ to choose,there will certainly be more left-handers,and probably 19______ people with minor psychological disturbances as a result of being forced to use their 20______ hand.

  is often a( n)6______.

  Aadvantage

  Bpriority

  Ctendency

  Dinclination

  参考答案:A

  [单选题]

  Even plans can run a fever,especially when they are under attack by insects or disease.But 1______ humans,plants can have their temperature 2______ from 3000 feet away-straight up.A decade ago,3______ the infrared scanning technology developed for military purpose and other satellites,physicist Stephen Paley 4______ a quick way to take the temperature of crops to 5______ which ones are under stress.The goal was to let farmers 6______ target pesticide spraying 7______ rain poison on a whole field,which 8______ include plants that don't have the pest problem.

  Even better,Paley's Remote Scanning Services Company could detect crop problem before they became 9______ to the eye.10______ on a plane flown at 3,000 feet at night,an infrared scanner measured the heat emitted by crops.The data were 11______ into a color-coded map showing 12______ plants were running“fevers”.Farmers could then spot spray,using 50 to 70 percent less pesticide than they 13______ would.

  The bad news is that Paley's company closed down in 1984,after only three years.Farmers 14______

  the new technology and long-term backers were hard to 15______.But with the renewed concern about pesticides on produce,and refinements in infrared scanning,Paley hopes to16______ into operation.Agriculture experts have no doubt about the technology works.“This technique can be 17______ to 75 percent of agricultural land in the United States,”says George Oerther of Texas A&M.Ray Jackson,who recently retired from the Department of Agriculture,thinks 18______ infrared crop scanning could be adopted by the end of the decade.But 19______ Paley finds the financial backing which he failed to 20______ 10 years ago.

  long-term backers were hard to 15______.

  Aoffer

  Bwork

  Cfind

  Dprovide

  参考答案:C

  [单选题]

  Standard English is the variety of English which is usually used in print and which is normally taught in schools and to non-native speakers learning the language.It is also the variety which is normally 1______ by educated people and used in news broadcasts and other 2______ situations.The difference between standard and nonstandard,it should be noted,has 3______ in principle to do with differences between formal and colloquial 4______;standard English has colloquial as well as formal variants.

  5______,the standard variety of English is based on the London 6______ of English that developed after the Norman Conquest resulted from the removal of the Court from Winchester to London.This dialect became the one 7______ by the educated,and it was developed and 8______ as a model,or norm,for wider and wider segments of society.It was also the 9______ that was carried overseas,but not one unaffected by such export.Today,10______ English is 11______ to the extent that the grammar and vocabulary of English are much the same everywhere in the world where English is used;12______ among local standards is really quite minor,13______ the Singapore,South Africa,and Irish varieties are really very 14______ different from one another so far as grammar and vocabulary are 15______.Indeed,Standard English is so powerful that it exerts a tremendous 16______ on all local varieties,to the extent that many of long 17______ dialects of England have lost much of their vigor and there is considerable pressure on them to be 18______.This latter situation is not 19______ to English :it is also true in other countries where processes of standardization are 20______ .But it sometimes creates problems for speakers who try to strike some kind of compromise between local norms and national,even supranational (跨国的) ones.

  has 3______

  Aanything

  Bsomething

  Cnothing

  Deverything

  参考答案:C

  [单选题]

  When people grow old,they become quite different from the young on thoughts.It is often observed that the aged spend much time thinking and talking about their past lives,1______ about the future.These reminiscences are not simply random or trivial memories,2______ is their purpose merely to make conversation.The old person’s recollections of the past help to 3______ an identity that is becoming increasingly fragile :4______ any role that brings respect or any goal that might provide 5______ to the future,the individual mentions their past as a reminder to listeners,that here was a life 6______ everyone to have a good living.7______,the memories form part of a continuing life 8______,in which the old person 9______ the events and experiences of the years gone by and 10______ on the overall meaning of his or her own almost completed life.

  As the life cycle 11______ to its close,the aged must also learn to accept the reality of their own impending ( 即将发生的) death.Yet this task is made 12______ by the fact that death is almost a 13______ subject in the United States.The mere discussion of death is often regarded as 14______.As adults many of us find the topic frightening and are 15______ to think about it-and certainly not to talk about it in the 16______ of someone who is dying.Death has achieved this taboo 17______only in the modem industrial societies.There seems to be an important reason for our reluctance to 18______ the idea of death.It is the very fact that death remains 19______ our control;it is almost the only one of the natural 20______ that is so.

  in which the old person 9______

  Aintegrates

  Bincorporates

  Cincludes

  Dinteracts

  参考答案:A

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