[单选题]We are defined by the decisions we make from the moment we wake up to when we fall asleep. Regardless of how ordinary or unimportant these emotions and decisions may seem， you must learn how to remove any potential unconscious bias from your choices. Thankfully， there are ways to eliminate these biases from your decision-making and action-taking， such as the following five strategies.

　　41.

　　Our judgments are often inaccurate because the brain relies on cognitive biases over hard evidence. Cognitive bias is the tendency to make irrational judgments in a consistent pattern. Numerous research has found that these biases force people to make poor and unreasonable decisions. Moreover， our unconscious biases are often so strong that they lead us to act in ways that are inconsistent with reason， as well as our values and beliefs. Awareness is the best way to beat these biases， so pay careful attention to how they influence you. And， you can only achieve that by knowing the different types of cognitive biases that can distort your thinking.

　　42.

　　What would happen if you decided to move forward in the opposite direction of what you originally chose? Gather the data you would need to defend this opposite view， and compare it to the data used to support your original decision. Afterward， you’ll want to reevaluate your decision based on the bigger data set. And don’t sweat it if your perspective isn’t complete. At least it’s more balanced.

　　43.

　　A while back， The Economist conducted a study that asked subscribers how they felt about the following three plans： $ 59 a year for an online-only subscription; $ 125 a year for print only; $ 125 a year for print and online. About 16 percent chose the first option，which was the online-only subscription. The third choice received the remaining 84 percent. That seems like a no-brainer since you would be getting both the print and online versions for the same price.

　　But when the publisher removed option B， 68 percent chose the cheapest option and demand for the full package—the sale the publisher most favored—dropped. What did this information show? The statistics demonstrated that irrelevant information—in this case， the obviously terrible option B—can have a huge influence on our decision making.

　　44.

　　One of the simplest and most effective ways to remove any bias from your decision-​making is to solicit the advice or feedback from others. Ideally，you should turn to those you trust， like a family member， friend， business partner or mentor. These are the people who will offer honest and constructive criticisms pointing out any blind spots while helping you gain fresh points of view.

　　45.

　　Take a timeout and reflect on similar past scenarios. How did you make that decision? What obstacles did you have， and how did you overcome them? What was the outcome， and what did you learn? Answering these questions can help guide you in making the right decision. Furthermore，you could also use data to find a cost-effective way to handle customer service inquiries. That data can be used to determine which activities generated the most sales opportunities or help you review your team’s past performance. And， thanks to machine learning， analytics can make smart suggestions on how to schedule important events.

　　以上选项45题答案为()。

　　AWeigh the benefits of different options

　　BGo against your inclinations

　　CCollect data as much as possible

　　DSort the valuable from the worthless

　　EKnow and conquer your enemy

　　FSeek multiple perspectives

　　GReflect on the past

　　参考答案：G

　　[单选题]

　　Even plans can run a fever，especially when they are under attack by insects or disease.But 1______ humans，plants can have their temperature 2______ from 3000 feet away-straight up.A decade ago，3______ the infrared scanning technology developed for military purpose and other satellites，physicist Stephen Paley 4______ a quick way to take the temperature of crops to 5______ which ones are under stress.The goal was to let farmers 6______ target pesticide spraying 7______ rain poison on a whole field，which 8______ include plants that don't have the pest problem.

　　Even better，Paley's Remote Scanning Services Company could detect crop problem before they became 9______ to the eye.10______ on a plane flown at 3，000 feet at night，an infrared scanner measured the heat emitted by crops.The data were 11______ into a color-coded map showing 12______ plants were running“fevers”.Farmers could then spot spray，using 50 to 70 percent less pesticide than they 13______ would.

　　The bad news is that Paley's company closed down in 1984，after only three years.Farmers 14______

　　the new technology and long-term backers were hard to 15______.But with the renewed concern about pesticides on produce，and refinements in infrared scanning，Paley hopes to16______ into operation.Agriculture experts have no doubt about the technology works.“This technique can be 17______ to 75 percent of agricultural land in the United States，”says George Oerther of Texas A&M.Ray Jackson，who recently retired from the Department of Agriculture，thinks 18______ infrared crop scanning could be adopted by the end of the decade.But 19______ Paley finds the financial backing which he failed to 20______ 10 years ago.

　　long-term backers were hard to 15______.

　　Aoffer

　　Bwork

　　Cfind

　　Dprovide

　　参考答案：C

　　[单选题]

　　Even plans can run a fever，especially when they are under attack by insects or disease.But 1______ humans，plants can have their temperature 2______ from 3000 feet away-straight up.A decade ago，3______ the infrared scanning technology developed for military purpose and other satellites，physicist Stephen Paley 4______ a quick way to take the temperature of crops to 5______ which ones are under stress.The goal was to let farmers 6______ target pesticide spraying 7______ rain poison on a whole field，which 8______ include plants that don't have the pest problem.

　　Even better，Paley's Remote Scanning Services Company could detect crop problem before they became 9______ to the eye.10______ on a plane flown at 3，000 feet at night，an infrared scanner measured the heat emitted by crops.The data were 11______ into a color-coded map showing 12______ plants were running“fevers”.Farmers could then spot spray，using 50 to 70 percent less pesticide than they 13______ would.

　　The bad news is that Paley's company closed down in 1984，after only three years.Farmers 14______

　　the new technology and long-term backers were hard to 15______.But with the renewed concern about pesticides on produce，and refinements in infrared scanning，Paley hopes to16______ into operation.Agriculture experts have no doubt about the technology works.“This technique can be 17______ to 75 percent of agricultural land in the United States，”says George Oerther of Texas A&M.Ray Jackson，who recently retired from the Department of Agriculture，thinks 18______ infrared crop scanning could be adopted by the end of the decade.But 19______ Paley finds the financial backing which he failed to 20______ 10 years ago.

　　8______ include plants that don't have the pest problem

　　Adominantly

　　Bdeliberately

　　Caccidentally

　　Dinvariably

　　参考答案：D

　　[单选题]

　　Standard English is the variety of English which is usually used in print and which is normally taught in schools and to non-native speakers learning the language.It is also the variety which is normally 1______ by educated people and used in news broadcasts and other 2______ situations.The difference between standard and nonstandard，it should be noted，has 3______ in principle to do with differences between formal and colloquial 4______;standard English has colloquial as well as formal variants.

　　5______，the standard variety of English is based on the London 6______ of English that developed after the Norman Conquest resulted from the removal of the Court from Winchester to London.This dialect became the one 7______ by the educated，and it was developed and 8______ as a model，or norm，for wider and wider segments of society.It was also the 9______ that was carried overseas，but not one unaffected by such export.Today，10______ English is 11______ to the extent that the grammar and vocabulary of English are much the same everywhere in the world where English is used;12______ among local standards is really quite minor，13______ the Singapore，South Africa，and Irish varieties are really very 14______ different from one another so far as grammar and vocabulary are 15______.Indeed，Standard English is so powerful that it exerts a tremendous 16______ on all local varieties，to the extent that many of long 17______ dialects of England have lost much of their vigor and there is considerable pressure on them to be 18______.This latter situation is not 19______ to English ：it is also true in other countries where processes of standardization are 20______ .But it sometimes creates problems for speakers who try to strike some kind of compromise between local norms and national，even supranational (跨国的) ones.

　　by educated people and used in news broadcasts and other 2______ situations

　　Asame

　　Bsimilar

　　Cequal

　　Didentical

　　参考答案：B

　　[单选题]

　　Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A， B， C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)

　　Prevailing wisdom always has us use teamwork as much as possible to face challenges head-on. The theory is that working in teams—especially those with different skillsets and backgrounds—sparks innovation， 1 flexibility，and leads to better outcomes. However， recent research suggests that maximizing teamwork often fails to 2 the results we expect ; in fact， in some cases， it 3 them.

　　The reality is that productive teamwork and collaboration are hard to 4 . Bringing together people with 5 expertise can potentially stall rather than 6 innovation， especially when 7 to an urgent need. Not to mention the larger， structural 8 that often leave team members jockeying for positions， making power grabs， and withholding information to protect their turf.

　　This is not to say we should throw teamwork 9 the window entirely. 10 ， we believe a change in mindset about how to best 11 it is needed to achieve the flexibility and resilience.

　　12 maximizing teamwork， research on what distinguishes flexible organizations suggests that we need to rightsize it. This means 13 what form and how much teamwork is needed at each stage of a project to get it done efficiently and effectively. Rightsizing teamwork requires 14 selecting the right people to contribute，at the right time.

　　15 this approach may 16 seem in conflict with goals of inclusivity， consideration， and respect—when done right， it can improve those things. 17 others when they are needed， 18 by default， is actually more respectful of the many people who are 19 from project overload and burnout. Rightsizing is not about minimizing inclusion. It’s about changing “teamwork” from a buzzword to an 20 practice that creates seamless companywide connections.

　　以下选项12题答案为()。

　　AApart from

　　BInstead of

　　CRegardless of

　　DAccording to

　　参考答案：B

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