一、 考试概述：

　　本次考试的文章两篇旧题一篇新题，第一篇是关于长寿的影响因素，第二篇是跟英国农村房屋的分布相关的，第三篇介绍了游戏对记忆的好处。

　　二、具体题目分析

　　Passage 1：

　　题目: 长寿的影响因素

　　题型：暂无

　　新旧程度：新题

　　文章大意：暂无

　　参考文章：暂无

　　参考答案：暂无

　　Passage 2：

　　题目：Exploring the British Village

　　题型：标题配对7+填空题6

　　新旧程度：旧题

　　文章大意：英国村庄

　　参考答案：

　　段落细节配对:

　　1. iv

　　2. v

　　3. i

　　4. vii

　　5. viii

　　6. ix

　　7. ii

　　填空题：

　　8. cottage

　　9. Domesday Book

　　10. self sufficient

　　11. remnants

　　12. defense

　　13. triangular

　　(答案仅供参考)

　　Passage 3：

　　题目: Video-games’ Unexpected Benefits to Human Brain(游戏的好处)

　　题型：单选题4 +判断题4+人名配对5

　　新旧程度：旧题

　　文章大意：讲网游会对大脑产生哪些好处，比如会让孩子聪明，教授孩子高级思维方式，真正锻炼大脑，能让孩子思考如何更好的分配资源，如何合作等等。

　　参考文章：

　　Video Games’ Unexpected Benefits to Human Brain

　　A

　　James Paul Gee, professor of education at the University of Wisconsin Madison, played his first video game years ago when his six-year-old son Sam was playing Pajama Sam: No Need to Hide When It’s Dark Outside. He wanted to play the game so he could support Sam’s problem solving. Though Pajama Sam is not an “educational game”, it is replete with the types of problems psychologists study when they study thinking and learning. When he saw how well the game held Sam’s attention, he wondered what sort of beast a more mature video game might be.

　　B

　　Video and computer games, like many other popular, entertaining and addicting kid’s activities, are looked down upon by many parents as time wasters, and worse, parents think that these games rot the brain. Violent video games are readily blamed by the media and some experts as the reason why some youth become violent or commit extreme anti-social behavior. Recent content analyses of video games show that as many as 89% of games contain some violent content, but there is no form of aggressive content for 70% of popular games. Many scientists and psychologists, like James Paul Gee, find that video games actually have many benefits - the main one being making kids smart. Video games may actually teach kids high-level thinking skills that they will need in the future.

　　C

　　“Video games change your brain,” according to University of Wisconsin psychologist Shawn Green. Video games change the brain’s physical structure the same way as do learning to read, playing the piano, or navigating using a map. Much like exercise can build muscle, the powerful combination of concentration and rewarding surges of neurotransmitters like dopamine, which strengthens neural circuits, can build the player’s brain.

　　D

　　Video games give your child’s brain a real workout. In many video games, the skills required to win involve abstract and high level thinking. These skills are not even taught at school. Some of the mental skills trained by video games include: following instructions, problem solving, logic, hand-eye coordination, fine motor and spatial skills. Research also suggests that people can learn iconic, spatial, and visual attention skills from video games. There have been even studies with adults showing that experience with video games is related to better surgical skills. Jacob Benjamin, doctor from Beth Israel Medical Center NY, found a direct link between skill at video gaming and skill at keyhole or laparoscopic surgery. Also, a reason given by experts as to why fighter pilots of today are more skillful is that this generation’s pilots are being weaned on video games.

　　E

　　The players learn to manage resources that are limited, and decide the best use of resources, the same way as in real life. In strategy games, for instance, while developing a city, an unexpected surprise like an enemy might emerge. This forces the player to be flexible and quickly change tactics. Sometimes the player does this almost every second of the game giving the brain a real workout. According to researchers at the University of Rochester, led by Daphne Bavelier, a cognitive scientist, games simulating stressful events such as those found in battle or action games could be a training tool for real world situations. The study suggests that playing action video games primes the brain to make quick decisions. Video games can be used to train soldiers and surgeons, according to the study. Steven Johnson, author of Everything Bad is Good For You: How Today’s Popular Culture, says gamers must deal with immediate problems while keeping their long-term goals on their horizon. Young gamers force themselves to read to get instructions, follow storylines of games, and get information from the game texts.