2019年2月16日雅思阅读机经预测

　　文章题目The history of Russian Ballet

　　重复年份20160114 20150418 20121124

　　题材发展史

　　题型判断 6+填空 7

　　文章大意芭蕾舞发源于意大利，从 17 世纪后传入俄国后一直欣欣向荣。出了很多优 秀的艺术家和作品，外国舞派也对俄国芭蕾舞发展有着影响。后期以戏剧味 发展主流，一直讲到本世纪 70 年代的发展。

　　参考阅读：

　　Until 1689, ballet in Russia was nonexistent. The Tsarist control and isolationism in Russia allowed for little influence from the West. It wasn't until the rise of Peter the Great that Russian society opened up to the West. St. Petersburg was erected to embrace the West and compete against Moscow’s isolationism. Peter the Great created a new Russia which rivaled the society of the West with magnificent courts and palaces. His vision was to challenge the west. Classical ballet entered the realm of Russia not as entertainment, but as a “standard of physical comportment to be emulated and internalized-an idealized way of behaving. The aim was not to entertain the masses of Russians, but to create a cultivated and new Russian people.

　　Empress Anna, (1730 – 1740) was devoted to ostentatious amusements (balls, fireworks, tableaux), and in the summer of 1734 ordered the appointment of Jean-Baptiste Landé as dancing-master in the military academy she had founded in 1731 for sons of the nobility. In 1738, he became ballet master and head of the new ballet school, launching the advanced study of ballet in Russia, and winning the patronage of elite families.

　　France provided many leaders such as Charles Didelot in St Petersburg (1801-1831), Jules Perrot(1848-1859) and Arthur Saint-Léon (1859-69).

　　In the early 19th century, the theaters were opened up to anyone who could afford a ticket. A seating section called a rayok, or 'paradise gallery', consisted of simple wooden benches. This allowed non-wealthy people access to the ballet, because tickets in this section were inexpensive.

　　One author describes the Imperial ballet as “unlike that of any other country in the world…the most prestigious of the ballet troupes were those attached to the state-supported theatres. The directors of these companies were personally appointed by the tsar, and all the dancers were, in a sense, Imperial servants. In the theatre, the men in the audience always remained standing until the tsar entered his box and, out of respect, after the performance they remained in their places until he had departed. Curtain calls were arranged according to a strict pattern: first, the ballerina bowed to the tsar’s box, then to that of the theater director, and finally to the general public.

　　文章题目Aquaculture in New Zealand

　　重复年份20160114 20151031 20121124 20110212

　　题材农业

　　题型小标题 7+人名理论配对 3+句子填空 3

　　文章大意新西兰水产养殖，介绍了新西兰一种新型保护海底动物多样性兼顾商业运作 的方式一 aquaculture , 其发展遇到的问题及前景。

　　部分参考答案：

　　小标题

　　14. vi (一个受益的村庄)

　　15. vii (company’s profit)

　　16. 选含 limitation 的那项

　　17. 选含 concerns to environment 的那项

　　18. 选含 alternative explanation 的那项

　　19. 选含 research 的那项

　　20. 选含 science and business 的那项

　　填空题

　　24. polyculture/aquaculture

　　25. commercial partner

　　26. market value/high price

　　文章题目We have star performers

　　重复年份20160114 20121124

　　题材商业管理

　　题型段落细节配对 4+判断 4+填空 5

　　文章大意人才与天赋，讨论人才和选人标准之间的论证。讲公司考核员工主要的依据， talents, 文章批判了传统的观点(才能是与生俱来的，是不变的，是需要公 司去发现的)。文章先用一段肯定了有才能的人的存在，然后分段讲到，才 能是随时间变化的，是不能被精确度量的，是可以凭努力换来的。

　　参考答案：

　　段落细节配对：

　　28 One example from non-commerce/business settings that better system wins bigger stars F

　　29 One failed company that believes stars rather than system B

　　30 One suggestion that author made to acquire employees then to win the competition nowadays G

　　31 One metaphor to human medical anatomy that illustrates the problems of hiring stars. C

　　判断：

　　32 McKinsey who wrote The War for Talent had not expected the huge influence made by this book. NG

　　33 Economic condition becomes one of the factors which decide whether or not a country would prefer to hire foreign employees. YES

　　34 The collapse of Enron is caused totally by a unfortunate incident instead of company’s management mistake. NO

　　35 Football clubs that focus making stars in YES

　　填空：

　　An investigation carried out on 1000 36 analysts of a survey by Harvard Business Review found a company hire a 37 star has negative effects. For instance, they behave considerably worse in a new team than in the 38 working environment that they used to be. They move faster than wall street and increase their 39 salary. Secondly, they faced rejections or refuse from those 40 rivals within the team. Lastly, the one who made mistakes had been punished by selling his/her stock share.