第II卷 (共35分)

第四部分 任务型阅读 (共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)

阅读下面的短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入最恰当的单词。

注意：每空一词。

For years, the automobile industry has been testing vehicles that use hydrogen as fuel. Now, people across the United States have had a chance to see and even drive cars that get power from hydrogen fuel cells (燃料电池).

But the hydrogen fuel cell is not a new idea. The fuel cell was first invented by Sir William Grove of Britain in 1839. Since then, many different designs, have been invented. There is one place where fuel cells are a proven technology: in space. The American space agency used fuel cells in its Apollo spaceships in the twentieth century.

The most useful fuel cell for transportation purposes is the Polymer Electrolyte Membrane, or P.E.M. fuel cell. It is simple and can operate at temperatures of sixty to eighty degrees Celsius. That is much lower than other fuel cell designs. A P.E.M. fuel cell has two sides divided by a thin membrane (膜). Hydrogen gas is forced through one side where it comes in contact with a reactive material containing the metal platinum(铂). The membrane separates the electrons(电子) from the protons(质子) in the hydrogen atoms. The protons pass through it to the other side of the fuel cell. But the electrons are captured to do work; like powering a motor. Oxygen from the air is forced into the other side of the fuel cell. There, the gas meets the protons that have passed through the membrane. They combine to form water and heat. A single fuel cell does not produce a lot of electricity. But when many fuel cells are combined, they can produce enough electricity to power a vehicle. The product of the chemical reaction that powers fuel cells is water. This makes fuel cells a very clean technology.

Hydrogen fuel cell cars have been slow to develop because of many technical problems that have to be solved. For example, it is unclear how long the membranes in P.E.M. fuel cells will last. Also, fuel cells need water for their chemical reactions. They must be designed to start easily at low temperatures and in dry climates. And smaller, less costly fuel cells must be designed before they can truly take the place of gasoline engines. Now more models of fuel cell vehicles are being tested than ever before. The threat of climate change and the high cost of oil have increased interest in these vehicles that do not cause pollution.

Title More Models of Hydrogen Cars Being Tested

The progress of hydrogen fuel cell·(71) ________ by Sir William Grove in 1839.

·Designed (72) ________ ever since.

·Used in Apollo spaceships in the twentieth century.

Operating principle of P.E.M.·It has two sides divided by a thin membrane.

·Hydrogen gas from one side (73) ________ the active metal platinum.

·The electrons are (74) ________ from the protons in the hydrogen atoms.

·The protons pass through the fuel cell to the other side.

·Oxygen from the air is (75) ________ into the other side of the fuel cell.

·The gas meets the protons，and then water and heat are(76) ________

Reasons for slow (77) ___________

of hydrogen fuel cell cars·There are many technical problems (78) ________

·The durability of the membranes in P.E.M. fuel cells is not clear.

·They have to start easily at (79)________ temperatures and in dry climates.

·They must be smaller and less costly before (80) ________ gasoline engines.

第五部分 书面表达(满分25分)

如今中学生在外租房的现象越来越普遍，你班同学就此话题展开了热烈的讨论。请你根据下表提示，用英语写一篇发言稿，劝说同学们不要到校外租房。

租房的理由住校的理由

1.生活自由，避免不必要的麻烦;

2.有家人照应，可以生活得更好;

3.安静的学习环境，学习效率更高。1.安全有保障;

2.能培养独立精神;

3.学会与人相处;

4.学会守纪律，约束自己。

注意：

1.词数：150左右; 2.开头已为你写好，但不计入总词数。

Should we middle school students rent apartments outside? My suggestion is No.

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参考答案

1. particular 2. smooth 3. symbolizes 4. absolutely 5. occupied

6. percentage 7. gradual 8. bothers 9. equipped 10. exported

11. late into the night 12. considering the relatively small population

13. as far as I’m concerned 14. the strengths and weaknesses of sth.

15. have a great impact on 16. seize control of…

17. be responsible for… 18. be recognized as…

19. in an organized way 20. under the title of…

21—25 CCBCB 26—30 ADADA 31—35 DCBAC 36—40 CDBBA

41—45 AABCA 46—50 DABCC 51—55 DCCAA

56—58 DDB 59—62 DABC 63—66 BACA 67—70 CAAB

71. Invented 72. differently 73. meets 74. separated 75. forced

76. formed 77. development 78. unsolved 79. low 80. replacing

Should we middle school students rent apartments outside? My suggestion is NO.

Why do you want to move out? Maybe freedom is the first reason. You have different lifestyles. Sometimes these differences can result in some very embarrassing contradictions when you live with your roommates. While living outside, you could do as you please. Secondly, with your parents or relatives taking care of you, you enjoy an easier and happier life. Thirdly, you could have a quieter environment to do your lessons efficiently.

However, with its so many advantages, I still suggest you live in the school dormitory. Why?

For one thing, it is safe to live in the school dormitory. For another, you can learn to be independent, doing things like washing clothes by yourself. Besides, with several ones of your age living together, you can learn how to get along, and cooperate with other students. Also, don’t complain schools are too strict. The world needs discipline to remain in order.