B

(2015·郑州质量预测)In 2015, a report from The New England Journal of Medicine showed that increased body weight is related to the death rate for all cancers.This is based on a study involving about 900,000 people, spanning many years.

The study, started in 1992 by the American Cancer Society, included men and women from all 50 states.The youngest participants were 30 years old, and the average age was 57.By December 2008, 24% of the participants had died, just a quarter of them from cancers.In analyzing the results, researchers attempted to take account of such potential factors as smoking, drinking alcohol, taking aspirin and a wide variety of other factors that might otherwise affect the results.

The results are clear: the more you weigh, the greater your risk of dying of cancer will be (up to 52% higher for men and 62% for women).In men as well as women, the only cancers that did not have a strong connection with weight were lung cancer and brain cancer.For women, the strongest correlation with weight was uterine cancer (子宫癌), which is 6.5 times higher for women with a BMI (Body Mass Index) of 40 or more.For men, it was liver cancer, which is 4.5 times higher in most obese(肥胖的) men.

Smokers tend to be more successful in keeping weight off than non­smokers, slightly reducing the risk.But many of them don't have good lungs.Thus, in another way, they also face risks.

As for why extra weight leads to excess cancer death rate, there's no clear agreement.But the decrease in vitamin D in obese people seems a likely factor.Vitamin D is known to have a role in preventing cancer.Also, there is a simple fact that obesity makes the management of cancer more difficult.Although for now there is no simple answer to why obesity increases a person's cancer risk, all we know for certain is that the risk is real.

5.The passage is mainly concerned with the relationship between ________.

A.diet and cancer　　　　B.body weight and cancer

C.sex and cancer D.smoking and cancer

6.The author develops the passage mainly through ________.

A.time order B.space order

C.analysis and comparison D.figures and examples

7.The underlined word “spanning” in the first paragraph probably means “________”.

A.lasting　　　　　　　　 B.including

C.happening D.changing

8.According to the passage, what can we learn about the study?

A.There is a clear explanation concerning why obesity leads to more cancers.

B.Generally speaking, women face fewer risks of dying of cancer than men.

C.Women with a BMI of 40 dying of uterine cancer are more than other women.

D.Smokers are still likely to face risks of dying of cancer though keeping weight off.

答案：

解题导语：本文是一篇科普说明文。研究发现肥胖会增加一个人死于癌症的几率，尽管原因尚不确定，但联系是确实存在的。

5.B　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第一句并结合全文内容可知，本文主要说明了肥胖与各种癌症有关系。故选B项。

6.C　解析：推理判断题。本文第一段提出了中心，第二段介绍了研究过程，第三、四、五段通过对比、分析得出了结论。故选C项。

7.A　解析：词义猜测题。“spanning many years”在句中作后置定语，修饰“study”，所以根据第二段可知，这次研究从1992年开始到2008年年底结束，历时17年左右，由此可知，“spanning”的意思是“持续”。故选A项。

8.D　解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段可知，尽管吸烟者比不吸烟者容易减肥，但许多吸烟者的肺有问题，所以也有风险，由此可知，D项正确。

Ⅱ.阅读填空

(2016·山西省四校高三联考)

How to Improve Eyesight Naturally

Eyes are important for everybody.You must take care and try everything in hand to keep them in good condition.Here are some tips to improve your eyesight naturally.

__1__

Strain is known to be a factor in many health conditions and eye strain is no exception.Try meditation，yoga or other methods of stress relief to improve your vision and overall health.

Try palming.

Sit upright in a comfortable chair.__2__ Cup your hands so that there is no pressure on your eyes.Let your fingers rest across your forehead.There should be no light entering your eyes.Palming should be done for a period of 5 to 10 minutes to start.Palming should be relaxing.It may help to do palming in a darkened room.

Avoid sugar as much as possible.

__3__ It will unpleasantly affect your eyesight，which affects the eyes by producing a larger amount of insulin (胰岛素) in the blood.Therefore you shouldn't be having much fruit juice or something that contains a lot of sugar.

Exercise your eyes.

The only exercise most eyes get is daily rubbing when we're tired or suffering from eye strain.But eye exercise is actually good for your eyes and can improve your vision.__4__ Blink as fast as you can for a few seconds，then close your eyes tightly，open and repeat.Do this exercise 3 to 4 times daily.

Eat healthy foods.

You probably hear the statement all the time that eating the right foods is necessary for good health.__5__ Foods that are high in fiber，vitamin C，D and beta­carotene as well as other vitamins and minerals can help improve your vision.Here are a few foods that can be beneficial to good vision: carrots，eggs，blueberries，spinach，kale，grapes，and fresh garlic.

A.Reduce eye strain.

B.Keep your eyes moist.

C.Sugar is your eyes' worst enemy.

D.Give your eyes a workout with the following exercise.

E.You may not be aware that your diet affects your vision，but it does.

F.Close your eyes and cover them with the palms of your hands.

G.Be sure to get plenty of sleep so that your eyes don't strain to stay open during the day.

答案：

1-5　AFCDE