B

　　Tim Berners-Lee is the man who wrote the software program that led to the foundation of the World Wide Web. Britain played an important part in developing the first generation of computers. The parents of Tim Berners-Lee

　　both worked on one of the earliest commercial (商业的) computers and talked

　　about their work at home. As a child he would build models of computers from

　　packaging material. After graduating from Oxford University he went on to the

　　real thing. In the 1980s scientists were already communicating using a

　　primitive version of e-mail. While working at a lab in Switzerland Tim Berners-

　　Lee wrote a program, which let him store these messages. This gave him another idea that he was going to write a program that would let academics (学者) from across the world share information on a single site. In 1990 he wrote the HTTP and HTML programs, which form the basis of the World Wide Web.

　　The next year his programs were placed on to the Internet. Everyone was

　　welcome to use them and improve them if they could. Programmers used his codes

　　to work with different operating systems. New things like web browsers (浏览器)

　　and search engines were developed. Between 1991 and 1994 the number of web

　　pages rose from 10 to 100,000.

　　In 1994 Tim Berners-Lee formed the newly World Wide Web consortium(协会),

　　or W3C. More than 200 leading companies and labs are represented by W3C.

　　Together they make sure that everyone can participate equally on the Web. “The

　　Web can help people to understand the way that others live and work. It helps us understand the humanity of people,” he says.

　　5. We can infer from the passage that Tim Berners-Lee is most probably _______.

　　A. British B. American

　　C. Swiss D. French

　　6. The main idea of the passage is _______.

　　A. when the Internet came into being

　　B. how Tim Berners-Lee started the World Wide Web

　　C. why computers develop so rapidly

　　D. who started the World Wide Web

　　7. Scientists began to use e-mails to communicate

　　_______.

　　A. in 1980 B. after the 1980s

　　C. in the 1980s D. before 1990

　　8. Tim Berners-Lee made up his mind to write a

　　program that would let people from across the

　　world share information on a single site when

　　_______.

　　A. he was a child

　　B. he studied on Oxford University

　　C. he formed W3C

　　D. he worked at a lab in Switzerland

　　C

　　A moment’s drilling(钻孔) by the dentist may make us nervous and upset. Many of us cannot stand pain. To avoid the pain of a drilling that may last perhaps a minute or two, we demand the “needle” — a shot of novocain (麻醉药) — that deadens the nerves around the tooth.

　　Now it’s true that the human body has developed its millions of nerves to be highly aware of what goes on both inside and outside of it. This helps us adjust to the world. Without our nerves —and our brain, which is a bundle of nerves — we wouldn’t know what’s happening. But we pay for our sensitivity. We can feel pain when the slightest thing is wrong with any part of our body. The history of torture(折磨) is based on the human body being open to pain.

　　But there is a way to handle pain. Look at the Indian fakir(苦行僧) who sits on a bed of nails. Fakirs can put a needle right through an arm, and feel no pain. This ability that some humans have developed to handle pain should give us ideas about how the mind can deal with pain.

　　The big thing in withstanding (抵挡) pain is our attitude toward it. If the dentist says, “This will hurt a little,” it helps us to accept the pain. By staying relaxed, and by treating the pain as an interesting sensation (感觉), we can handle the pain without falling apart. After all, although pain is an unpleasant sensation, it is still a sensation, and sensations are the stuff of life.

　　9. The purpose of this passage is mainly to tell us

　　_______.

　　A. that pain is good for us

　　B. to stop taking the “needle” at the dentist’s

　　C. how to handle pain

　　D. how to avoid torture

　　10. The sentence “we pay for our sensitivity” in Paragraph 2 most probably

　　means _______.

　　A. we suffer because of being sensitive

　　B. our sensitivity costs us much money

　　C. we have to pay the dentist for his making us sensitive to pain

　　D. we are lucky to have developed our senses

　　11. The most important thing in handling pain is to_______.

　　A. do what the Indian fakirs do

　　B. welcome it

　　C. know about it in advance

　　D. treat it as an interesting sensation

　　12. We can learn from the passage that _______.

　　A. more nerves our body has, more easily we adjust to the world

　　B. novocain makes human’s nerves dead when in operation

　　C. human body’s being open to pain did great harm to history

　　D. attitude is important when we handle the pain

　　参考答案

　　完形填空：

　　1~5 CAADB 6~10 ADCCB

　　11~15 AACDB 16~20 DACCB

　　阅读理解：

　　1~5 CABCA 6~10 BDDCA 11~12 DD