Ⅰ. 阅读理解

　　Astronauts on the International Space Station (ISS) may soon be able to turn their used forks and knives into tools and satellite parts.

　　Tethers Unlimited Inc. , an aerospace technology company, has developed a system that combines a waste recycling machine with a 3D printer.

　　Astronauts will put waste items made of plastic into the recycling machine, called the Poistrusion Recycler. When they press a button, the Recycler will melt down the plastic and turn it into 3D filament (长丝).

　　The filament will be used in a 3D printer on the ISS—called the Refabricator—to make tools, spare parts and satellite components.

　　The waste will come from packaging materials, food containers, trays and eating utensils (器具) used on the ISS. Astronaut currently use disposable wet wipes to clean their food containers and utensils. The used wipes are stored as trash (垃圾), and replacement wipes must be sent up to the ISS on cargo missions.

　　By recycling old food containers and utensils, astronauts will reduce the amount of trash they produce. To get rid of trash from the ISS, astronauts load it into empty cargo capsules (航天舱) and release it into space. The capsules burn up when they enter Earth’s atmosphere.

　　Turning trash into useful new items will also help NASA save money because astronauts will need fewer supplies. It costs about $ 6,000 for every kilogram launched into orbit. These benefits will be even more important for longer missions in the future—such as the two­year journey to Mars. Astronauts will be able to recycle old waste materials into new tools and parts as they need them.

　　Tethers have successfully tested the systems in its laboratory. They will test it on the ISS in late 2018. The company is also developing a version of the system for use here on Earth.

　　[语篇解读]　本文讲述一家航天科技公司Tethers Unlimited Inc. ，开发了一种将废物回收机和3D打印机结合起来的系统。这种新技术可把塑料废物回收并转化为新的工具和部件，这不仅减少了宇航员们在空间站的垃圾量，节省了资金，还为探索空间提供更多的条件。

　　1.What material are the forks and knives for astronauts made of?

　　A.Gold. 　　 B.Iron.

　　C.Plastic. 　　 D.Wood.

　　答案：C　[推理判断题。根据文章前四段可知，在国际空间站的宇航员把他们用过的刀叉回收变成工具和卫星部件，这种技术就是利用一种叫3D打印机和废物回收机相结合的系统，把塑料废弃品放入机中，回收后制成新的工具和部件。由此可知这些东西就是用塑料废物制成的。A.Gold. 黄金;B.Iron. 铁;C.Plastic. 塑料;D.Wood. 木头。]

　　2.At present, the astronauts mainly get supplies by ______.

　　A.D printers B.reusing the old ones

　　C.collecting from the space D.the capsules launched from the earth

　　答案：D　[推理判断题。根据第六段To get rid of trash from the ISS，astronauts load it into empty cargo capsules(航天舱)and release it into space. 内容可知，空间站的货物航天舱(capsules)是用于与地球交流物质的。第七段Turning trash into useful new items will also help NASA save money because astronauts will need fewer supplies. It costs about $6,000 for every kilogram launched into orbit.... 可知将垃圾循环为有用的新物品，这有助于NASA节省资金，因为宇航员将需要更少的补给。由此可知宇航员所用的东西来源于地球，由于这项技术，可以少从地球带东西。由这两处可知只有D项正确。]

　　3.What can the new technology help the astronauts do?

　　A.Reuse the trash.

　　B.Send the trash to Mars.

　　C.Take the trash to the earth.

　　D.Load the trash into empty capsules and throw it away.

　　答案：D　[根据第六段中的最后To get rid of trash from the ISS, astronauts load it into empty cargo capsules (航天舱) and release it into space. The capsules burn up when they enter Earth’s atmosphere. 可知，这段技术可帮助宇航员把垃圾倒进航天舱并扔掉。 ]

　　4.What is the biggest benefit of the new technology mentioned in the text?

　　A.It can save some space for the ISS.

　　B.It can gave more time for the astronauts.

　　C.It can provide more conditions to explore space.

　　D.It can help to reduce the journey from Earth to Mars.

　　答案：C　[推理判断题。根据文章第六段可知这种新技术可把塑料废物回收并利用。减少了宇航员们在空间站的垃圾量。第七段可知，同时也有助于NASA节省资金，因为宇航员将需要更少的补给，让他们可进行更长久更远的宇宙旅行等。由这两处可知它可以为探索空间提供更多的条件。]

　　Ⅱ. 完形填空

　　A few weeks after my first wife, Georgia, was called to heaven, I was cooking dinner for my son and myself. For a __1__,_I had decided on frozen peas. As I was cutting open the bag, it __2__ from my hand and crashed to the floor. The peas，like marbles, __3__ everywhere. I tried to use a broom, __4__ with each sweep they just rolled across the kitchen.

　　For the next week, every time I was in the __5__,_I found a pea—in a corner, or behind a table leg. They kept __6__. Eight months later I pulled out the refrigerator to clean behind it, and __7__ 12 frozen peas hidden underneath.

　　At the time I found those few remaining __8__ , I was in a new relationship with a wonderful __9__ I’d met in a support group. After we married, I was reminded __10__ those peas under the refrigerator, and realized that my __11__ had been like that bag of frozen peas. It had shattered(破碎).My wife had died; I was in a new city with a busy job, and with a son having trouble __12__ his new surroundings and the __13__ of his mother. I was a bag of spilled frozen peas; my life had come apart and scattered.

　　When life gets you __14__,_when everything you know comes apart, and when you think you’ll never __15__,_remember that it’s just a bag of scattered frozen peas. The peas can be __16__,_and life will move on. You’ll find all the peas __17__，including the ones that are hardest to find. And when you’ve got them __18__ you’ll start to feel whole again.

　　The life you know can break apart at any time. But you’ll have to __19__,_and how fast you collect your peas depends on you. Will you keep scattering them around with a broom, __20__ will you pick them up one by one and put your life back together?

　　[语篇解读]　本文用一袋洒落的豌豆来比喻我们的人生，鼓励我们在遇到困难时要勇于面对。

　　1.A.drink　　 B.vegetable

　　C.fruit　　 D.meat

　　答案：B　[根据下文中的frozen peas(冷冻豌豆)可知，只有蔬菜(vegetable)符合语境。]

　　2.A.slipped B.walked

　　C.ran D.moved

　　A　[根据crashed to the floor可知，当“我”要把袋子打开时，豌豆从“我”手上滑落(slipped)，掉到地板上了。]

　　3.A.rubbed B.rolled

　　C.grew D.existed

　　答案：B　[袋子里的豌豆滚落了一地。豆子是圆的，那么应该是滚动(rolled)着。]

　　4. A.so B.and

　　C.although D.but

　　D　[“我”想用扫帚扫这些豆子，但是(but)每扫一下，豆子就会滚到别的地方。]

　　5.A.kitchen B.living room

　　C.bedroom D.storeroom

　　答案：A　[根据上文中的I was cooking dinner for my son and myself. 可知，当时“我”是在厨房里做饭，豌豆掉了厨房一地，所以每次到厨房(kitchen)里做饭，都能找到洒落的豌豆。]

　　6.A.turning up B.getting up

　　C.taking up D.using up

　　答案：A　[这里是指每次到厨房，“我”都会发现豌豆不停地出现(turning up)在厨房的各个角落。get up“起床”;take up“占据”;use up“用光”，均不符合此处的语境。]

　　7.A.left B.ate

　　C.found D.planted

　　答案：C　[8个月后，“我”挪动冰箱打扫冰箱后面，发现(found)了12颗冷冻豌豆。]

　　8.A.presents B.cans

　　C.vegetables D.peas

　　答案：D　[在“我”发现剩余的几颗豌豆(peas)的时候……]

　　9.A.woman B.child

　　C.man D.boy

　　A　[根据下文“我”再婚了可知，当时“我”正在和一个非常棒的女性(woman)交往。]

　　10.A.for B.of

　　C.with D.in

　　答案：B　[“我”总会想起那袋洒落的豌豆。remind sb. of sth. “提醒某人某事/物”。]

　　11.A.wife B.life

　　C.son D.friend

　　B　[根据下文内容可知，“我”把生活比喻成冷冻豌豆，“我”意识到“我”的人生(life)以前就像这袋豌豆，四处散落。]

　　12.A.adjusting to B.leading to

　　C.turning to D.adding to

　　答案：A　[这里是指当时“我”妻子去世了，“我”搬到新的城市忙于工作，“我”的儿子适应(adjusting to)新环境有些困难。lead to“导致”;turn to“转向”;add to“增加”，均不符合此处的语境。]

　　13.A.thank B.loss

　　C.help D.love

　　答案：B　[根据上下文可知“我”妻子去世了，儿子自然失去了妈妈。]

　　14.A.close B.near

　　C.down D.wide

　　答案：C　[当人生让你心情低落(down)时，当你觉得再也挺不过去时。get sb. down“让某人情绪低落”。]

　　15.A.get it B.leave it

　　C.take it D.make it

　　答案：D　[当你觉得不可能成功(make it)时，记住这只是一袋暂时洒落的豌豆。]

　　16.A.grown B.bought

　　C.frozen D.collected

　　答案：D　[这里是指豌豆可以重新被收集(collected)起来，生活也将会继续下去。]

　　17.A.specially B.fortunately

　　C.properly D.eventually

　　D　[这里是指最后(eventually)你会把所有的豌豆都收集齐。specially“特别地”;fortunately“幸运地”;properly“合适地”，均不符合此处的语境。]

　　18.A.both B.all

　　C.either D.each

　　答案：B　[这里是指当你把所有的(all)豌豆收集齐的时候，你就会发现生活又完整了。]

　　19.A.move on B.put on

　　C.bring on D.call on

　　答案：A　[这里是指生活随时可能会破碎，但是我们将继续前行(move on)。put on“穿上”;bring on“引起;使发展”;call on“号召”，均不符合此处的语境。]

　　20.A.while B.because

　　C.or D.since

　　答案：C　[空前后表示两种可供选择的情况，故用or(或者，还是)。]

　　Ⅲ. 语法填空

　　The relationship between parents and children has always been a hot topic. Many students may feel 1. ______(stress) because of their parents. Most parents have good intentions，2. ______ some of them aren’t very helpful with the problems their sons and daughters have in 3. ______ (adjust) to college, and a few of them seem to go out of their ways to add to their children’s 4. ______ (difficulty).

　　For one thing, parents are often not aware of the kinds of problems their children face. They don’t realize that the 5. ______ (compete) is stronger, that the required standards of work are 6. ______(high), and that their children may not be prepared for 7. ______ change. They may be upset by their children’s poor grades. At their kindest, they may 8. ______(gentle) ask why John or Mary isn’t doing better, whether he or she is trying as hard as he or she could and so on. At their worst, they may threaten 9. ______ (take) their children out of college or cut off living expenses.

　　Sometimes parents think it right and natural that they determine 10. ______ their children should do with their lives. They forget that everyone is different and that each person must develop in his or her own way.

　　[语篇解读]　本文介绍父母和孩子之间存在的问题。很多孩子有压力，但是父母不能理解他们，不能帮助他们。

　　1.stressed　[考查系表结构。feel是连系动词。后面接形容词，修饰人用过去分词形式的形容词。故填stressed。]

　　2.but　[考查连词。上文说：大多数父母用意是好的。下文说：他们对问题也无能为力。表示转折关系。故填but。]

　　3.adjusting　[考查非谓语动词。介词in后面接动名词。故填adjusting。]

　　4.difficulties　[考查名词单复数。children’s后面接名词，difficulty表示“困难的事情”是可数的，和children’s搭配用复数。故填difficulties。]

　　5.competition　[考查词性转换。这个空是填that后面宾语从句的主语，用名词。故填competition。]

　　6.higher　[考查比较级。和上文的stronger并列，用形容词比较级。故填higher。]

　　7.the　[考查冠词。特指上文的“竞争更强，工作要求更高”这样的“改变”。用定冠词。故填the。]

　　8.gently　[考查词性转换。修饰动词ask用副词。故填gently。]

　　9.to take　[考查非谓语动词。threaten to do sth. “威胁会做某事”。故填to take。]

　　10.what　[考查宾语从句。determine后面是宾语从句，宾语从句do缺少宾语，故填what。]