Ⅳ. 语法填空

　　在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

　　A

　　There __1. was__ (be) a girl named Cinderella whose stepmother had two ugly and lazy daughters. Not only __2. did__ they get good cares, but also they needed to do nothing. However, __3. only__ by doing dirty housework could Cinderella get access to food; and seldom could she __4. gain__ (gain) some rest. Not __5. until__ midnight was she allowed to go to bed. Poor __6. as/though__ she was, she was very beautiful. One day, from the palace came __7. an__ invitation, saying that the prince would choose his wife. Away went her stepmother and her stepsisters to the palace. Never had Cinderella __8. been__ (be) permitted to go with them.“__9. Were__(be) I a princess, I would live a whole new life!” sighed Cinderella. No sooner had she sat down __10. than__ a goddess appeared and gave her a smart dress, a cargo as well as horses. But she warned Cinderella that everything would disappear at 12 o'clock. When Cinderella arrived at the party, __11. so__ attractive was Cinderella that the prince only danced with her. Hardly had the clock stricken twelve __12. when__ Cinderella began to run, and she left a crystal slipper on the stair. The prince's servant came to Cinderella's to find out the owner of the slipper. Cinderella's elder sister couldn't wear it. __13. Neither/Nor__ could another sister. Not a word could anybody say when Cinderella wore the slipper perfectly. From then on she lived happily ever after with her prince.

　　文章大意：灰姑娘每天都要做很多家务，而继母和她的女儿则整日欺负灰姑娘。王子举行选妃舞会，灰姑娘在仙女的帮助下，漂漂亮亮地参加了舞会，并最终成为了王妃。

　　解析：

　　1.因There be句型为完全倒装，主语为a girl，故谓语动词是was。

　　2.因not only，..but(also)...连接两个并列分句，not only放在句首，其后分句需要部分倒装：从前后语境看，get该用一般过去时，而get是原形，故前面应加助动词did。

　　3.从could Cinderella get这一部分倒装可以推断，前面是“only+状语(介词短语)”。

　　4.seldom否定词放在句首时，句子需要部分倒装，又情态动词could提到主语前面了，因此gain用动词原形。

　　5.Not until...引导状语从句。

　　6.as/though引导让步状语从句，其表语poor提前了。

　　7.作地点状语的介词短语from the palace提前，句子用完全倒装，invitation(请柬)作主语，前面用不定冠词。

　　8.因否定词never放在句首时，句子需要部分倒装;这是过去完成时的被动语态.故填been。

　　9.此处的Were I...(=If I were...)表示与现在事实相反的假设。

　　10.no sooner...than...是固定搭配，意为“一……就”。

　　11.so...that...是固定搭配，意为“如此……以至于……”。

　　12.hardly...when...是固定搭配，意为“一……就……”。

　　13.灰姑娘的一个姐姐不适合，另一个姐姐也不适合。用neither/nor表示前面所述情况也不适合另一个人或物。

　　B

　　Our school library, along with many other buildings, is very different from other schools'. There __1. are__ (be) two computer rooms, three art rooms, a meeting room and a reading room in the library building. The number of the books __2. is__ (be) large, and maybe there are 100,000 books in it. It is said that all the books cost our school 200,000 dollars. Maybe 200,000 dollars __3. is__ (be) large to every student. In the era of knowledge explosion, the number of the students who __4. have__ (have) a thirst for knowledge is increasing day by day. Nowadays, our library has been developed into a multifunctional building. There are 50 computers in it. Many a student __5. likes__ (like) to surf the Internet at weekends here and now you can see that my classmates, Mike and John __6. are_playing__ (play) computer games there. When you turn to another room, you will find that a professor and writer __7. is_delivering__ (deliver) a speech. Each boy and each girl __8. is_focusing__(focus)on his interesting speech. Every time there is a wonderful speech, the audience always __9. cheer/cheers__(cheer) up. You are entering our art exhibition. A teacher with his students is at the room. On the wall __10. are__(be) 100 pictures, which attract many students. An expert and teacher is explaining something important to us.

　　解析：

　　1.因there be句型中be动词常与离其最近的主语保持一致。

　　2.主语是the number of+名词的复数时，谓语动词用单数形式。

　　3.时间、金钱、距离、重量等的复数当一个整体来作主语时，谓语动词用单数。

　　4.关系代词who，that，which等在定语从句中作主语时，谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数保持一致。

　　5.many a+名词作主语时，尽管意义上是复数，但因中心词是单数形式，谓语动词也用单数形式。

　　6.两个名词由and连接作主语时，谓语动词一般用复数。

　　7.当and连接的两个名词是指同一人时，谓语动词应该用单数形式。a professor and writer意思是“一名教授兼作家”。

　　8.由and连接的单数主语，前面有each，every，no等修饰时，谓语动词要用单数形式。

　　9.集体名词group，class，family，army，audience等作主语时，如果强调集体，谓语动词用单数形式;如果强调个体，谓语动词用复数形式。

　　10.在主谓倒装的句子中，谓语动词的数应与其后的主语保持一致。