(3)

　　Chemists have been studying why people cry. They say the body produces two kinds of tears. One kind cleans out the eye if it gets dirt in it. But when people cry because of their feelings, these tears have poisonous chemicals in them. The body is getting rid of chemicals produced by strong feelings.

　　In the United States men have heart diseases more often than women do. Doctors say heart disease and some other diseases are related(有关的) to the pressures of living and working in a modern society. Perhaps men suffer more from these diseases because they do not cry enough. And it is possible that as more and more women work outside the home, they will also suffer from more pressure. Then everyone will need to cry more.

　　1. Which of the following is happening now?

　　A. More men than women are now crying.

　　B. More women are now working outside their homes.

　　C. Heart diseases are on the rise.

　　D. The poison found in tears is killing more and more people

　　2. What is living in a modern society doing to some people?

　　A. Making them cry.

　　B. Driving them mad.

　　C. Making them produce chemicals.

　　D. Giving them heart diseases.

　　3. Why do people cry?

　　A. To get rid of poisonous substances produced by strong feelings.

　　B. Because they have to work outside their homes.

　　C. Because they don’t know how to prevent heart diseases.

　　D. For no reason at all.

　　【答案与解析】本文介绍了眼泪的种类和作用，并建议在现代社会人们都需要多哭泣。

　　1. B。细节题。根据文章第 2 段倒数第 2 句 …it is possible that as more and more women work outside the home, they will also suffer from more pressure 可推知此题答案为 B。

　　2. D。推断题。根据文章第 2 段第 2 句 Doctors say heart disease and some other diseases are related to the pressures of living and working in a modern society 可推知此题答案为 D。

　　3. A。主旨题。根据文章首、尾句及全文内容可推知此题答案为 A。

　　(4)

　　HOW TO QUIT SMOKING

　　When thinking about quitting (giving up)…

　　List all the reasons why you want to quit. Every night before going to bed, repeat one of the reasons 10 times.

　　Decide positively that you want to quit. Try to avoid negative(消极的) thoughts about how difficult it might be. Develop strong personal reasons in addition to your health and obligations(责任) to others. For example, think of all the time you waste taking cigarette breaks, rushing out to buy a pack, hunting for a light, etc. Set a date for quitting — perhaps a special day like your birthday or a holiday. If you smoke heavily at work, quit during your vacation. Make the date sacred seriously, and don’t let anything change it. Begin to condition yourself physically; start a modest(适度的) exercise; drink more water; get plenty of rest.

　　Immediately after quitting…

　　The first few days after you quit, spend as much free time as possible in places where smoking is prohibited(forbidden), e.g. libraries, museums, theatres, departments stores, etc.

　　Drink large quantities of water and fruit juice. Try to avoid wine, coffee, and other drinks which remind you of cigarette smoking.

　　Strike up a conversation with someone instead of a match for a cigarette.

　　If you miss the sensation(感觉) of having a cigarette in your hand, play with something else-a pencil, a pen or a ruler.

　　If you miss having something in your mouth, try a toothpick or a fake(仿制的) cigarette.

　　1. Which of the following statements is best supported by the author?

　　A. Whenever you feel like a cigarette, try to forget it by starting a conversation with someone.

　　B. Try to be an ice-breaker before asking for a light.

　　C. If you miss the sensation of having a cigarette in your mouth, play with a pen.

　　D. Every night before going to bed, repeat the reasons 10 times.

　　2. From the passage, we know smokers _______.

　　A. waste a lot of time smoking

　　B. have to stop to smoke from time to time

　　C. can only quit smoking during their holiday

　　D. start a modest and easy exercise

　　3. The author suggested _______.

　　A. all kinds of drinks be avoided immediately after quitting

　　B. drinking water and fruit juice immediately after quitting

　　C. trying low-tar(低焦油) cigarettes immediately after quitting

　　D. spending as much time as possible in public places

　　4. If the article is in a newspaper, which section it is in?

　　A. Sports. B. News. C. Health D. Culture.

　　【答案与解释】众所周知，吸烟有害健康，但对烟民来说戒烟并非易事。作者从烟民开始实施戒烟和戒烟成功初期两个时段向读者提出了很多很好的建议。

　　1. A。细节题。根据 Strike up a conversation with someone instead of a match for a cigarette 可知答案。

　　2. A。细节题。根据 …think of all the time you waste taking cigarette breaks… 可知答案。

　　3. B。细节题。根据 Drink large quantities of water and fruit juice 可知答案。

　　4. C。主旨题。根据常识，戒烟是为了健康，故选C。