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2015年成人高考高起点英语复习笔记冠词(1)

来源 :中华考试网 2015-02-26

冠词的种类

  1. 不定冠词 a/an的用法

  a用于辅音音标开头的单词前(不一定是辅音字母):an用于元音音标开头的单词前(不一定是元音字母) :an old man

  a friend

  an American writer

  a Chinese book——an English book

  注意 以字母h,u,e,y开头的单词:an hour/honor/honest

  a university——an umbrella-a usual/useful book

  a European

  a young man——a youth

  泛指人、事、物的类别  A.English is a useful language.

  B.A horse is a useful animal.

  C.His telehpone number begins with a " 3".

  泛指某人某物

  There's a man waiting for you at the gate of our school.

  There's a book lying on the floor.

  表示every/per的含义

  This kind of Santana car can run 150 kilometers an hour.

  Some students of Senior Three study 12 hours a day.

  用于某些固定词组中

  a few;                a little;                 a lot of;

  a bit of;               a couple of;             a great deal of;

  many a;               all of a sudden;          as a matter of fact;

  in a word;             have a word with sb.      have a good time;

  do sb. a favor          pay a visit to;            as a rule

  in a day or two;         in a way;               make a living;

  two pills at a time;         take a walk/break/bath/seat;

  have a cold/fever/headache/stomachache

  2.定冠词the的用法

  the 在辅音前发/  / 在元音前发/  /

  (1)表示特指和第二次提到的人或物:

  Here the books you want.

  I saw a film last night. The film was wonderful.

  (2)表示世界上独一无二的东西:the sun;the earth;the moon

  (3)用在序数词、形容词最高级前面:the first-class; the third floor; the longest river

  (4)用在江、河、湖、海、山 脉、群 岛、海 峡、海 湾、沙 漠、方 位 前 面:

  the Changjiang river;   the West Lake ;     the Great Canal(大运河);

  the Taiwan Strait;      on the right/left;   in the north/south

  (4)与某些形 容 词 连 用表 示 一 类 人,动 词 用 复 数 形 式:

  the poor/rich/old/young/sick/old/new/wounded

  The young have to learn from the old.(年轻人要向老年人学习。)

  The right and the wrong are the opposites.

  (6)在乐器的名词前面:She likes to play the piano/violin/guitar.

  (7)在某 些 表 示 时 间 的 词 组 中:

  in the morning/afternoon/evening/night(but at noon/night);

  in the daytime;in the 1870's/1870s

  (8)用在姓氏的复数前面:The Smiths are sitting at the breakfast table.

  (9)在表示发明物的名词前面:

  The gunpowder was invented in China 400 year age.

  Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone in 1876.

  The teacher showed us a telescope and said it was Galileo who invented the telescope.

  (10)用在表示国家和民族的形容词前面表示该国的人民:

  the English/Chinese/Japanese/French

  (11)用在由普通名词构成的专用名词前面:

  the United States(联合国);       the New York Times(纽约时报);

  the People's Liberation Army(中国人民解放军)

  (12)用在表示计算单位的名词前面,常含"每","每一"的意义,或相当于"按……计算":

  A.These workers are paid by the hour/piece.(计时/件取酬)

  B.These eggs are sold by the dozen.(这些鸡蛋是论打卖的。)

  但"按重量"应说by weight

  C.Meat is sold by the kilo(by weight)。

  (13)方位名词前必须加the

  in the east of

  on the east of

  to the east of/east of

  在山顶 at the top of hill=on top of hill

  Last year he spent hisw holiday on a farm in the country south of Boston.

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