2015年成人高考高起点英语复习笔记冠词(1)
来源 :中华考试网 2015-02-26
中1. 不定冠词 a/an的用法
a用于辅音音标开头的单词前(不一定是辅音字母):an用于元音音标开头的单词前(不一定是元音字母) :an old man
a friend
an American writer
a Chinese book——an English book
注意 以字母h,u,e,y开头的单词:an hour/honor/honest
a university——an umbrella-a usual/useful book
a European
a young man——a youth
泛指人、事、物的类别 A.English is a useful language.
B.A horse is a useful animal.
C.His telehpone number begins with a " 3".
泛指某人某物
There's a man waiting for you at the gate of our school.
There's a book lying on the floor.
表示every/per的含义
This kind of Santana car can run 150 kilometers an hour.
Some students of Senior Three study 12 hours a day.
用于某些固定词组中
a few; a little; a lot of;
a bit of; a couple of; a great deal of;
many a; all of a sudden; as a matter of fact;
in a word; have a word with sb. have a good time;
do sb. a favor pay a visit to; as a rule
in a day or two; in a way; make a living;
two pills at a time; take a walk/break/bath/seat;
have a cold/fever/headache/stomachache
2.定冠词the的用法
the 在辅音前发/ / 在元音前发/ /
(1)表示特指和第二次提到的人或物:
Here the books you want.
I saw a film last night. The film was wonderful.
(2)表示世界上独一无二的东西:the sun;the earth;the moon
(3)用在序数词、形容词最高级前面:the first-class; the third floor; the longest river
(4)用在江、河、湖、海、山 脉、群 岛、海 峡、海 湾、沙 漠、方 位 前 面:
the Changjiang river; the West Lake ; the Great Canal(大运河);
the Taiwan Strait; on the right/left; in the north/south
(4)与某些形 容 词 连 用表 示 一 类 人,动 词 用 复 数 形 式:
the poor/rich/old/young/sick/old/new/wounded
The young have to learn from the old.(年轻人要向老年人学习。)
The right and the wrong are the opposites.
(6)在乐器的名词前面:She likes to play the piano/violin/guitar.
(7)在某 些 表 示 时 间 的 词 组 中:
in the morning/afternoon/evening/night(but at noon/night);
in the daytime;in the 1870's/1870s
(8)用在姓氏的复数前面:The Smiths are sitting at the breakfast table.
(9)在表示发明物的名词前面:
The gunpowder was invented in China 400 year age.
Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone in 1876.
The teacher showed us a telescope and said it was Galileo who invented the telescope.
(10)用在表示国家和民族的形容词前面表示该国的人民:
the English/Chinese/Japanese/French
(11)用在由普通名词构成的专用名词前面:
the United States(联合国); the New York Times(纽约时报);
the People's Liberation Army(中国人民解放军)
(12)用在表示计算单位的名词前面,常含"每","每一"的意义,或相当于"按……计算":
A.These workers are paid by the hour/piece.(计时/件取酬)
B.These eggs are sold by the dozen.(这些鸡蛋是论打卖的。)
但"按重量"应说by weight
C.Meat is sold by the kilo(by weight)。
(13)方位名词前必须加the
in the east of
on the east of
to the east of/east of
在山顶 at the top of hill=on top of hill
Last year he spent hisw holiday on a farm in the country south of Boston.