四、阅读理解(共15小题;每题3分,共45分)

　　阅读系列短文，然后根据短文的内容共每小题的四个选择项中选出最佳的一项。

　　Passage 1

　　People need to be active to be healthy. Our modern lifestyle and all the conveniences we've

　　become used to have made us keep a long time sitting, such as sitting around in front of the TV or the computer, riding in the car for even a short trip to the store and using elevators instead of stairs. That's dangerous for our health. Physical inactivity is as dangerous to our health as smoking!

　　Add up your activities during the day in periods of at least 10 minutes each. Start slowly . .. and

　　build up. If you're already doing some light activities move up to more moderate ones. A little is good, but more is better if you want to achieve health benefits.

　　Scientists say accumulate 60 minutes of physical activity every day to stay healthy or improve your health. Time needed depends on effort -- as you progress to moderate activities, you can cut down to thirty minutes, four days a week.

　　Physical activity doesn't have to be very hard to improve your health. This goal can be reached by building physical activities into your daily routine. Just add up in periods of at least ten minutes each throughout the day. After three months of regular physical activity, you will notice a difference --people often say getting started is the hardest part.

　　36. Nowadays people () [单选题] *

　　A. are less active than in the past(正确答案)

　　B. are more active than in the past

　　C. are as active as they used to be

　　D. are as inactive as they used to be

　　答案解析：这篇文章讲的是如何通过运动增强体质。第一段中提到we’ve become used to...我们已经适应了……,表明以前不是这样的。后面又列举不活动的行为,诸如看电视、开车、玩电脑等,都是坐着的。选项A是正确的。

　　37. Time needed for physical activity depends on () [单选题] *

　　A. health

　　B. effort(正确答案)

　　C. money

　　D. creation

　　答案解析：第三段中指出:科学家认为每天共计60分钟的锻炼时间是合适的,但是所需时间基于你自己,你可以把时间缩短至半小时。选项B是正确的。

　　38. You can improve your health () [单选题] *

　　A. relaxing and keeping cool

　　B. spending longer hours in activities

　　C. eating less and less during short periods of time

　　D. integrating physical activity into your timetable(正确答案)

　　答案解析：第四段。改善健康不必要进行很剧烈的运动,它是长期的,有计划的。应把锻炼记入时间表中,过一段时问后检查其效果。选项D是正确的。

　　39. People say that () [单选题] *

　　A. they do not have time for physical activity

　　B. getting started into physical activity is not so difficult

　　C. getting started into physical activity is the most difficult part(正确答案)

　　D. they prefer keeping the present situation to doing any activities

　　答案解析：此题目可定位于最后一句话。开始是很难的。选项C是正确的。

　　Passage 2

　　We show an amazing tolerance for a form of pollution that is a growing problem: noise. Airplane

　　traffic is increasing by five percent a year. Urban noise is doubling every ten years. By air, land and

　　sea, we are facing an onslaught of noise that is threatening our ability to live in this world.

　　We have granted ourselves the right to make noise. But what about our responsibilities? Have we developed a sense of acoustic responsibility?

　　The evidence suggests that we have not. Many people seem to believe they have an unlimited right to make noise with cars and motorbikes, and with loud music at home and in the street. In some countries measures have been taken to force people to make less noise. In Britain, for example, a law has been passed preventing people from disturbing their neighbors with music at night.

　　It is widely accepted that we should deal with our rubbish in a responsible way. Noise is in reality a particularly insidious (潜在的 ) form of rubbish. It destroys community life, pursues us into our homes, keeps us from sleeping and is the cause of many stress-related illnesses, as well as hearing loss.

　　Our acoustic environment belongs to all of us. Everyone has the right to use it, but no one has the right to abuse it. Let's start using it responsibly.

　　40、. The level of noise produced in cities and towns () [单选题] *

　　A. is four times higher every ten years

　　B. is four times lower every two years

　　C. is twice as high now than ten years ago(正确答案)

　　D. is twice as high now than two years ago

　　答案解析：这篇文章讲的是噪音与责任。第一段中提到城市的噪音每l0年增加一倍。实际上就是现在的噪音是10年前的两倍。选项C是正确的。

　　41、The right to make noise () [单选题] *

　　A. is often questioned

　　B. is particularly insidious

　　C. should be completely forbidden

　　D. should be accompanied by a sense of responsibility(正确答案)

　　答案解析：第二段。作者以问话的形式提出制造噪音的权利和责任感之间的关系,实际上是在说在制造噪音的同时应该伴随有责任感。选项D是正确的。

　　42、Many people () [单选题] *

　　A. think that they have the right to use noisy motorcycles or cars(正确答案)

　　B. think that cars and motorcycles are disturbing

　　C. feel responsible for their noise

　　D. feel guilty for making loud noise

　　答案解析：第三段。接上段的问话,我们缺的是责任感。许多人都认为制造噪音可以是无限的,可以随便使用汽车、摩托车。选项A是正确的。

　　43、The author points out that () [单选题] *

　　A. noise cannot be prevented at all

　　B. people do not feel responsible for their rubbish

　　C. noise and garbage are problems that disturb us at home

　　D. we should accept our responsibility for noise as we do for rubbish(正确答案)

　　答案解析：第四段。作者说,处理垃圾的责任已被广泛接受。但事实上,噪音是无形的垃圾形式。所以,我们对待噪音应像对待垃圾一样。选项D是正确的。

　　Passage 3

　　The majority of people in Scotland are in favor breaking away from the rest of the UK and becoming independent, according to a poll taken just before the 300th anniversary of the Act of Union, which united Scotland and England.

　　A pair of Acts of Parliament, passed in 1706 and 1707 that came into effect on May l, 1707, created Great Britain. The parliaments of both countries were dissolved, and replaced by a new

　　Parliament of Great Britain in Westminster, London.

　　The poll showed support for independence for Scotland is running at 51%. This is the first time

　　since 1998 that support for separation has passed 50% , and the first time since devolution gave power to the country in 1999. Six months before elections for the Scottish Parliament, these poll results come as good news to the Scottish Nationalist Party, who are hoping to make progress against Labor and further the cause of an independent Scotland.

　　Many people have become disillusioned with devolution, and believe that the Scottish Parliament has failed to deliver what they had hoped it would; only a tenth has no opinion. In fact, only 39% of those polled want to keep things as they are.

　　44、Scotland and England () [单选题] *

　　A. were united by war

　　B. have always been united

　　C. want to break up the union

　　D. have been united for a long time(正确答案)

　　答案解析：这篇文章讲的是苏格兰独立的问题。第一段告诉我们英格兰和苏格兰已经合并300年了。所以,选项D是正确的。

　　45、People who want independence for Scotland () [单选题] *

　　A. are in the minority

　　B. are the vast majority

　　C. are the slight majority(正确答案)

　　D. have decreased in number since devolution

　　答案解析：第三段。51%的人支持苏格兰独立,半数是50%,所以只超过了一点点(slight)。选项C是正确的。

　　46、 Many people's opinions of devolution () [单选题] *

　　A. make progress against Labor

　　B. have gone down(正确答案)

　　C. have gone up

　　D. are the same

　　答案解析：第四段中描写人们态度时用了disillusion(破灭)一词。许多人都对地方自治失去了幻想。选项B是正确的。

　　47、The best title for this passage could be () [单选题] *

　　A. The Poll in Scotland

　　B. Two Acts of Parliament

　　C. England and Scotland

　　D. Scottish Independence(正确答案)

　　答案解析：这篇文章通过民意调查的结果叙述了苏格兰的独立进程。选项D是正确的。 Passage

　　Passage 4

　　Imagine going to sleep in October and waking up in May! Well, marmots and ground squirrels

　　stay warm by sleeping all winter. All this time, they do not wake up once. This special kind of sleep is called hibernation. During this sleep, the heart slows down, and the animal breathes more slowly, it doesn't move around, so it uses less energy.

　　Animals like the marmot and the ground squirrel inhabit the coldest parts of the world. They need special talents to survive in these frigid places. Their furry coats keep them snug when the temperature falls below zero. It often gets this cold in the Arctic, a land that is just below the North Pole.

　　Before the long winter, some animals eat and eat. After a while, they grow very fat. When the

　　winter comes, they live on the fat saved up in their bodies. Layers of fat keep an animal warm.

　　Arctic animals also have other ways to beat the cold. Rabbits in the Arctic, for example, have

　　very small ears. Small ears keep heat in, while big ears let it out. Small things usually keep heat in.

　　Have you ever slept in a room that is very small, and noticed how hot it can get?

　　It rarely gets warm in the Arctic. But although summer seasons there are very short, the sun

　　shines brightly. Plants seem to spring up before your eyes! Animals such as caribou look forward all year to summer, when they can eat fresh grass again. Every minute of sunshine is important to their lives.

　　48、 A good title for this passage would be () [单选题] *

　　A. the Arctic Summer

　　B. Marmots and Squirrels

　　C. Keeping Warm in the Arctic(正确答案)

　　D. Freezing Temperatures

　　答案解析：全篇文章中心讲的是北极圈的动物是如何保持温暖的。选项C是正确的。

　　49、The way for marmot to keep warm is. () [单选题] *

　　A. to be very fat

　　B. to have small ears

　　C. to eat green grass

　　D. to have thick and soft hairs(正确答案)

　　答案解析：第二段。土拨鼠有非常厚的毛皮以御寒。选项D是正确的。选项A在第三段,有些动物是靠多吃增加脂肪以御寒。选项B在倒数第二段,小耳朵比大耳朵少释放热量。选项C在最后一段,讲的不是冬天如何御寒的问题。

　　50、To help the reader understand that small things keep heat in, the writer uses () [单选题] *

　　A. an example(正确答案)

　　B. a strong argument

　　C. scientific facts

　　D. careful measurements

　　答案解析：倒数第二段。作者用一系列的例子说明小空间可以保持温度不释放掉。选项A是正确的。