As we know, itis very important that a firm should pay attention to the training of its staffas there exist many weak parts in its various departments. Staff training musthave a purpose, which is defined when afirm considers its training needs, which are in turn based on job descriptionsand job specifications.

　　A jobdescription should give details of the performance that is required for aparticular job, and a job specification shouldgive information about the behavior, knowledge and skills that are expected ofan employee who works in it. When all of this has been collected, it ispossible to make a training specification. This specifies what theTraining Department must teach for the successful performance of the job, andalso the best methods to use in the training period.

　　There are manydifferent training methods, and there are advantages and disadvantages of allof them. Successful training programmes depend on an understanding of thedifference between learning about skills and training in using them. It isfrequently said that learning about skills takes place "off the job"in the classroom, but training in using these skills takes place "on thejob", by means of such activities as practice in the workshop.

　　It is alwaysdifficult to evaluate the costs and savings of atraining programme. The success of such a programme depends not only on themethods used but also on the quality of the staff who do the training. Acompany can often check oh savings in time and cost by examining the workperformed by the workers and technicians who have completed a trainingprogramme. The evaluation ofmanagement training is much more complex than that.

　　21. To besuccessful in our training programmes, we must understand the differencebetween______.

　　A. a jobdescription and a job specification

　　B. what istaught and how it is taught

　　C. learningabout skills and training in using them

　　D. the savingsin time and the savings in cost

　　22. Thesuccess of a training programme depends on_________.

　　A. the placeswhere the training takes place

　　B. the correctevaluation of the costs and savings of the programme

　　C. theperformance of the workers and technicians trained in the programme

　　D. thetraining methods and the quality of the training staff

　　23. A trainingspecification specifies_______.

　　A. theperformance required for a certain job

　　B. thebehavior, knowledge, and skills expected of an employee

　　C. thetraining contents and methods

　　D. the costsand savings of the programme

　　24. Accordingto the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true?

　　A. As thereexist weak parts in different departments of a firm, the training of its staffis highly necessary.

　　B. A trainingspecification is based on the information collected from a job description anda job specification.

　　C. Training inusing skills and learning about skills usually do not happen at the same place.

　　D. It iseasier to evaluate management training than to evaluate the training of workersand technicians.

　　25. The besttitle for this passage might be_______.

　　A. ASuccessful Training Programme

　　B. How toDescribe and Specify a Job

　　C. StaffTraining

　　D. TheImportance of Training Workers and Technicians

　　参考答案:

　　21. C 22. D23. C 24. D 25. C