Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)

　　Directions: There are four passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.

　　Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage:

　　There are two methods of fighting, the one by law, the other by force; the first　method is that of men, the second of beasts; but as the first method is often　insufficient, one must have recourse to the second. It is, therefore, necessary　for a prince to know well how to use both the beast and the man. This was covertly taught to rulers by ancient writers, who related how Achilles and many others　of those ancient princes were given to Chiron the centaur to be brought up and educated under his discipline. The parable of this semi animal, semi human teacher is meant to indicate that a prince must know how to use both natures, and that the one without the other is not durable. A prince, being thus obliged to know well how to act as a beast, must imitate the fox, and the lion, for the lion cannot protect himself from traps, and the fox annot defend himself from wolves. Those that wish to be only lions do not understand this. Therefore, a prudent ruler ought not to keep faith when by doing so　it would be against his interest, and when the reasons which made him bind himself no longer exist. If men were all good, this precept would not be good ; but　as they are bad, and would not observe their faith with you, so you are not bound to keep faith with them. Nor have legitimate grounds ever failed a prince who　wished to show colorable excuse for the nonfulfilment of his promise. Of this one could furnish an infinite number of examples, and show how many times peace has been broken, and how many promises rendered worthless, by the faithlessness of princes, and those that have best been able to imitate the fox have succeeded best. But it is necessary to be able to disguise this character well, and to be a great feigner and dissembler, and men are so simple and so ready to obey present necessities, that the one who deceives will always find those who allow themselves to be deceived.

　　21.The author of the passage does not believe that ____.

　　A) people can protect themselves

　　B) the truth makes men free

　　C) leaders have to be consistent

　　D) princes are human

　　22.The lion represents those who are ____.

　　A) too trusting B) strong and careful

　　C) reliant on force D) lacking in intelligence

　　23.The fox, in this passage, is ____.

　　A) admired for his trickery B) no match for the lion

　　C) pitied for his trick D) considered worthless

　　24.The writer suggests that a successful leader must ____.

　　A) be prudent and faithful

　　B) cheat and lie

　　C) have principle to guide his actions

　　D) tell the people the truth about his opponent

　　25.The writer would approve an unsuccessful political candidate ____.

　　A) gave up all his opportunities

　　B) promised to try again next time

　　C) overthrew the government by force

　　D) told the people the truth about his opponent

　　Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage:

　　The forest from which Man takes his timber is the tallest and most impressive plant community on Earth. In terms of Man's brief life it appears permanent and unchanging, save for the seasonal growth and fall of the leaves, but to forester it represents the climax of a long succession of events. No wooded landscape we see today has been forest for all time. Plants have minimum requirements of temperature and moisture and, in ages past, virtually every part of Earth's surface has at some time been either too dry or too cold for plants to survive. However, as soon as climatic conditions change in favour of plant life, a fascinating sequence of changes occurs, called a primary succession.