L. Corporations realize the power of the school environment for promoting their name and products. A school setting delivers a captive youth audience and implies the endorsement of teachers and the educational system. Marketers are eagerly exploiting this medium in a number of ways, including: 1 ) sponsored educational materials; 2) supplying schools with technology in exchange for high company visibility; 3) advertising posted in classrooms, school buses, on computers in exchange for funds; 4) contests and incentive programs: for example, the Pizza Hut reading incentives program in which children receive certificates for free pizza if they achieve a monthly reading goal; 5 ) sponsoring school events.

　　The Internet

　　M. The Internet is an extremely desirable medium for marketers wanting to target children. It's part of youth culture. This generation of young people is growing up with the Interact as a daily and routine part of their lives. Kids are often online alone, without parental supervision. Unlike broadcasting media, which have codes regarding advertising to kids, the Interact is unregulated. Sophisticated technologies make it easy to collect information from young people for marketing research, and to target individual children with personalized advertising.

　　Marketing Adult Entertainment to Kids

　　N . Children are often aware of and want to see entertainment meant for older audiences because it is actively marketed to them. In a report released in 2000, the U.S. Federal Trade Commission (FTC) revealed how the movie, music and video games industries routinely market violent entertainment to young children.

　　O.The FTC studied 44 films rated "Restricted", and discovered that 80 per cent were targeted to children under

　　17. Marketing plans included TV commercials run during hours when young viewers were most likely to be watching. The FTC report also highlighted the fact that toys based on characters from mature entertainment are often marketed to young children. Mature rated video games are advertised in youth magazines; and toys based on "Restricted" movies and M-rated video games are marketed to children as young as four.

　　Guilt can affect parents' spending decisions because they don't have enough time for their kids.

　　47、The Center for a New American Dream pointed out that brand loyalties could be formed as early as age two.

　　48、School boards allow corporations to access to students because they need money and educational materials badly.

　　49、The FTC report highlighted the fact that toys based on characters from mature entertainment are often marketed to young children.

　　50、For this generation of young people, the Internet is a daily and routine part of their lives.

　　51、According to Kid fluence, "persistence nagging" is less effective than the more sophisticated "importance nagging".

　　52、According to a report released by the U.S. Federal Trade Commission, the movie, music and video games industries usually market violent entertainment to young children.

　　53、Buzz marketing is well-suited to the Internet because the interactive environment can spread messages effectively.

　　54、A group of U.S. mental health professionals think that it is unethical to use child psychologists to help marketers target kids.

　　55、According to the Pizza Hut reading incentives program, children will receive certificates for free pizza if they achieve a monthly reading goal.

　　Section C

　　Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D ). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.