Part Ⅴ

　　 写作指导

　　这是一篇带有新闻综述性质的记叙文，又是热门话题。既然有新闻性质，就应该具有新闻的一些特点如背景的介绍，过程的描述，最后加上作者的评价，当然实效性也不可缺。本文的行文大致如此。应该说，记叙文比说明文和议论文都容易写一点。因为说明文牵涉到对说明对象的全面、准确把握，稍有疏漏，便易偏题;而议论文又需要有严格的格式，一般分为引论，本论，结论三部分。但真正写好一篇记叙文也非易事，因为“平中见奇”也难。特别是象这种需要一些具体数字作为文章必不可少内容的文章，更需要平时注意看新闻，关心国家大事，才能写得比较合乎情理，符合实际。

　　本文由三段组成，每段的基本内容都在要求中给出了中心句，有所依据，写时注意不能太多任意发挥。

　　范文中，作者第一段写了 98洪水造成的损失，包括受灾面积、伤亡人数，经济损失以及受灾最为严重的省份。作者用了一系列数字，给人以清楚明了，可信之感。一些用词如claimed, deluge等，都用得非常贴切、地道。第二段写了******及党中央对受灾地区和人民的关心以及广大军民奋战洪水的经过，最后取得抗洪救灾的胜利。最后一段着手揭示了抗洪胜利的意义和留给我们的启示。作者主要从三个方面加以阐述。首先指出了它对维护社会安定团结和保障改革开放顺利进行具有极其重要的意义，这是从整体上来说的。其次又从政治上指明了这一胜利反映了中国共产党领导下的人民军队的团结和力量以及社会主义的优越性。最后又指出了中国共产党领导下的中国人民和人民军队是不可战胜的，中国的二十一世纪是充满前途和希望的。结尾显得极具号召性，鼓舞人心。虽然第三段内容较多，但作者对内容的合理安排使得读起来非常流畅，丝毫不拖泥带水。

　　注意作者为了内容的需要，运用了不少大词，使用了较多长句，这是内容决定形式的需要，值得我们借鉴。

　　Sample Writing

　　The 1998 Summer Flood

　　The calamitous floods this year claimed the lives of more than three thousand

　　people, 1,320 being killed along the Yangtse River. The deluge in the summer flooded 21 million hectares of land in 29 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities. Direct economic losses caused by the floods have hit 166.6 billion yuan (U.S.$20 billion). Jianxi, Hunan, Hubei, Heilongjang and Jilin provinces and the Inner Mogolian Autonomous Region have suffered the most serious damages.

　　President Jiang Zemin and the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party (CCCP) were greatly concerned about the floods. President Jiang and other top

　　leaders went personally to the antiflood front and directed troops and civilians to fight against the floods. Jiang ordered the troops to give their all to safeguard the dykes. The battle against the summer flood involved 8 million people and 274,000 soldiers and armed police. Soldiers and local residents battled courageously and worked tenaciously to hold back raging flood waters and achieved an ultimate victory. They protected the safety of levees, major cities along the rivers and main railway lines and saved untold lives. As President Jiang said, “We have successfully waged a ‘People's War' in advance of the new century.”

　　The monumental success will have farreaching significance in terms of helping to maintain the social stability required by reform, opening up and modernization construction. The victory has once again clearly revealed the cohesiveness and tenacity of the forces of the Communist Party of China and its leaders, the superiority of socialism and the reliability of our army. The victory over the 1998 summer flood also shows that the Chinese people and army, under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, is invincible. They can overcome any difficulties and hardships to win successes in advance of the new century.