1. And that means that for the first time people will have a chance to get up close and personal with the type of African-American woman they so rarely see. (2009. 阅读. Text 1)

【译文】而且这意味着，人们第一次有机会亲自近距离了解平时很难见到的那类非裔妇女。

【析句】主句that means that+宾语从句，宾语从句中，主句for the first time people will have a chance to……woman, 其中短语get up close and personal with这一短语结构中，close and personal作伴随状语，最后they so rarely see作the type of ……woman的定语从句。

2. When next year‘s crop of high-school graduates arrive at Oxford University in the fall of 2009, they’ll be joined by a new face; Andrew Hamilton, the 55-year-old provost of Yale, who‘ll become Oxford’s vice-chancellor—a position equivalent to university president in America. (2009. 阅读. Text 2)

【译文】2009年秋季毕业的高中生进入牛津大学时，他们会迎来一个新面孔，安德鲁 ?汉密尔顿，55岁的前耶鲁大学教务长。他将入主牛津成为副教务长，职位相当于美国大学的校长。

【析句】复合句。首先是when引导的时间状语从句，主句位于句中，they'll be joined by a new face。Andrew Hamilton， the 55-year-old provost of Yale作a new face的同位语，而同位语后who'll become Oxford's vice-chancellor是它的定语从句，最后a position equivalent to……又作vice-chancellor的同位语。

3. In 2003, when Cambridge University appointed Alison Richard, another former Yale provost, as its vice-chancellor, the university publicly stressed that in her previous job she had overseen “a major strengthening of Yale‘s financial position.” (2009. 阅读. Text 2)

【译文】2003年，剑桥大学任命前耶鲁大学教务长艾莉森·理查德为副校长。学校公开强调艾莉森之前的工作确保了“耶鲁大学财政状况良好”。

【析句】本例句与例句2结构相似，句首先是when引导的时间状语从句，another former Yale provost作Alison Richard的同位语。主句位于句中，the university stressed that+宾语从句。可以看出，在介绍某人的年龄、职位等情况时多用同位语。