Directions : There are 4 passages in this part .Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements .For each of them there are four choices marked A) , B) , C) , D) . You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center .

　　Question 21 to 35 are based on the following passage .

　　The beat generation mainly referred to the youth who were born and brought up around the Second World War . They showed their disdain ( ) for almost everything traditional , such as government authority , respect for parents , one’s duty , moral standards , and traditional customs . They developed a kind of absolute individualism and liberty. They preferred long hair , minidresses or close-fitting clothes to show off the figure . They advocated freedom of sex and cohabitation ( ) . Their influence could be seen from the fact that about one third of the American couples living together were not married by law . And the divorce rate was very high . The endless U.S wars abroad and sharp class struggle at home caused many American youths to develop a kind of cynicism . They doubted the existing social system , possibility of harmonious human relations , and the long-honored standard for correct behavior . They felt society overlooked their needs . Therefore , they refused to do any duty that was required of them by society . They declared “Don’t believe anyone over thirty .” All this came from the sick society . It’s wrong to imagine they all fought against capitalism in support of revolutionary things . Some of their ideas were even more decadent () and impractical . It was an abnormal phenomenon in an abnormal society.

　　21. Based on the passage , how many of one hundred and twenty American couples of the beat generation practiced cohabitation .

　　A) about 20 couples B) about 40 couples C) about 60 couples D) about 30 couples

　　22. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage ?

　　A) The beat generation refused to do any duty

　　B) The beat generation was in support of almost everything traditional .

　　C) The beat generation believes no one except that he is over thirty .

　　D) The beat generation’s ideas were not impractical .

　　23. “Cynicism” in this passage most probably means ______.

　　A) a state of mind against realism

　　B) a state of mind doubting everything in existence.

　　C)a theory advocating mutual help

　　E) a theory advocating individualism

　　24. The reason why the beat generation refused to cooperate with society was ____.

　　A) they had no interest B) they found hard to cooperation with it

　　B) the laws block their way to do so . D) they thought their need was neglected .

　　25. This passage is mainly about _____.

　　A) the young Americans B) the generation gap .

　　B) the education of the young D) an American social phenomenon

　　Question 26 to 30 are based on the following passage .

　　Tress should only be pruned when there is a good and clear reason for doing so and , the number of such reasons is small . Pruning involves the cutting away of overgrown and unwanted branches , and the inexperienced gardener can be encouraged by the thought that more damage results from doing it unnecessarily than from the tree to grow in its own way .

　　First , pruning may be done to make sure that trees have a desired shape or size . The object may be to get a tree of the right height , and at the same time to help the growth of small side branches , which will thicken its appearance or give it a special shape . Secondly , pruning may be done to make the tree heavier . You may cut out diseased or dead wood , or branches that are rubbing against each other and thus cause wounds . The health of a tree may be encouraged by removing branches that are blocking up the center and so preventing the free movement of air .

　　One result of pruning is that an open wound is left on the tree and this provides an easy entry for disease , but it is a wound that will heal . Often there is a race between the healing and the disease as to whether the tree will live or die , so that there is a period when the tree is at risk . It should be the aim of every gardener to reduce that risk of death as far as possible . It is essential to make the area , which has been pruned smooth , and clean , for healing will be slowed down by roughness . You should allow the cut surface to dry for a few hours and then paint it with one of the substances available from garden shops especially for this purpose . Pruning is usually done in winter , for then you can see the shape of the tree clearly without interference from the leaves and also it is very unlikely that the cuts you make will bleed . If this does happen , it is , of course , impossible to paint them properly .

　　26. Pruning should be done to _____.

　　A) make the tree grow taller . B) does not protect them form the wind

　　B) get rid of the small branches D) make the small branches thicker .

　　27. Trees become unhealthy if the gardener_______

　　A) allows too many branches to grow in the middle

　　B) does not protect them from the wind

　　C) forces them grow too quickly

　　D) damages some of the small side branches.

　　28 . Why is a special substance painted on the tree ?

　　A) to make a wound smooth . B)to prevent disease entering a wound .

　　B) to cover a rough surface . D) to help a wound to dry .

　　29. A good gardener prunes tree ____

　　A) at intervals throughout the year B) as quickly as possible

　　C) occasionally when necessary D) regularly every winter

　　30 . What was the author’s purpose when writing this passage ?

　　A) to give practical instruction for pruning a tree

　　B) to give a gardener description of pruning

　　C) to explain how trees develop disease

　　D) to discuss different methods of pruning