1. But it is a little upsetting to read in the explanatory notes that a certain line describes a fight between a Turkish and a Bulgarian officer on a bridge off which they both fall into the river--and then to find that the line consists of the noise of their falling and the weights of the officers, "Pluff! Pluff! A hundred and eighty-five kilograms."

　　但是让人感到不快的是，我们从注释中得知某诗行讲述的是一个土耳其军官和一个保加利亚军官在桥上动手打架并双双掉进河里的事情，而后我们却发现该行诗中不过只充斥着"扑通，扑通，185公斤重"这类对他们落水时的动静以及对军官们体重的描写时。

　　2. The coming of age of the postwar baby boom and an entry of women into the male-domiated job market have limited the opportunities of teenagers who are already questioning the heavy personal sacrifices involved in climbing Janpan's rigid social ladder to good schools and jobs.

　　战后婴儿潮的一代的步入成年，女性打入男性主导的劳动力市场，这限制了青少年的发展机会。青少年已经在不停地质疑，为了爬上日本国内那通往优秀学校和体面工作的严酷的社会阶梯，他们做出的巨大个人牺牲到底值不值得。

　　3. Last year Mitsuo Setoyama, who was then education minister, raised eyebrows when he argued that liberal reforms introduced by the American occupation authorities after World WarII had weakened the "Japanese morality of respect for parents".

　　去年担任教育部长职务的濑户光夫争辩说，二战后占领日本的美国当局引入了自由主义革新，削弱了日本民族"尊敬父母的道德品质"，舆论一片哗然。

　　4. With economic growth has come centralization: fully 6 percent of Japan's 119 million citizens live in cities where community and the extended family have been abandoned in favor of isolated, tow-generation households.

　　随着经济的增长，集中化出现了：全国1.19亿公民中整整6%的人口定居城市：在城市中，原来的社区和多代同堂的大家庭已被摒弃，取而代之的是与外界疏于往来的、只由两代人组成的核心家庭。

　　5. If the tradition of ambition is to have vitality, it must be widely shared; and it especially must be highly regarded by people who are themselves admired, the educated not least among them.

　　如果野心就是具有生命力，那么这传统必会为众多人传承;尤其会受到自己也受人仰慕的人士的青睐——在这些人中受过良好教育的可不占少数。

　　6. Certainly people do not seem less interested in success and its signs now than formerly. Summer homes, European travel, BMWs--the locations, place names and name brands may change, but such items do not seem less in demand today than a decade or two years ago.

　　当然，人们现在对成功及各种所谓成功的标志的兴趣似乎并不亚于先前。消夏别墅、欧陆旅行、宝马车——地点、地名以及品牌或许会有变化，但这类事物在今天被人渴求的程度也似乎不会亚于一二十年前。

　　7. Instead, we are treated to fine hypocritical spectacles, which now more than ever seem in ample supply: the critic of American materialism with a Southampton summer home; the publisher of radical books who takes his meals in three-star restaurants; the journalist advocating participatory democracy in all phases of life, whose own children are enrolled in private schools.

　　相反，我们被看做是虚伪的人，这样的人似乎比以前的任何时候都更多：批判美国式物质主义的人却拥有位于南安普顿的避暑山庄;激进书籍的出版商却在三星级餐厅享用一日三餐;倡导人们时刻参与到民主制中的记者，他的子女却就读于私立学校。

　　8. No clear-cut distinction can be drawn between professional and amateurs in science: exceptions can be found to any rule. Nevertheless, the word "amateur" does carry a connotation that person concerned is not fully integrated into the scientific community and, in particular, may not share its values.

　　科学领域的专业人员和业余爱好者之间划不出泾渭分明的界线：因为任何规则都有例外。然而，"业余"一词的确意味着相关人员不能充分融入科学界，尤其是不能分享到科学界产生的价值。

　　9. The trend was naturally most obvious in those areas of science based especially on a mathematical or laboratory training, and can be illustrated in terms of the development of geology in the United kingdom.

　　很自然，对于那些数学或实验基础尤为重要的自然学科领域来说，这种趋势表现得最为明显，英国地质学的发展就可以证明这一点。

　　10. A comparison of British geological publications over the last century and a half reveals not simply an increasing emphasis on the primacy of research, but also a changing definition of what constitutes an acceptable research paper.

　　将过去一个半世纪英国地质学领域的出版物做一下比较(我们)就会发现，不仅是对科研的主导地位的强调在不断攀升，一篇说得过去的科研论文所应该包含的内容也有所变化。

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