在第20次东盟与中日韩领导人会议上的发言

　　Speech at the 20th ASEAN Plus China, Japan and ROK Summit

　　中华人民共和国国务院总理　李克强

　　H.E. Li Keqiang, Premier of the State Council of the People’s Republic of China

　　2017年11月14日，马尼拉

　　Manila, 14 November 2017

　　尊敬的杜特尔特总统，各位同事：

　　President Duterte,

　　Colleagues,

　　很高兴出席第20次东盟与中日韩(10+3)领导人会议。我谨代表中国政府，对菲律宾政府为会议所做的精心准备和周到安排表示诚挚感谢。

　　It gives me great pleasure to attend the 20th ASEAN Plus China, Japan and ROK (APT) Summit. On behalf of the Chinese government, I wish to express sincere appreciation to the government of the Philippines for its thoughtful preparations and arrangements for the meeting.

　　10+3合作发端于亚洲国家共同应对金融危机之际，今年恰逢20周年。20年来，在各方共同努力下，10+3合作机制不断完善、合作领域逐步拓展，成为亚洲地区架构最完善、成果最显著的合作机制之一，为促进东亚地区和平稳定、发展繁荣作出了积极贡献。当前，世界经济出现向好势头，全球贸易投资止跌回升，国际金融市场总体稳定，中日、中韩关系出现改善势头，为10+3合作带来了新的机遇。同时，世界经济复苏冷热不均，“逆全球化”和保护主义倾向抬头，地区热点问题此起彼伏，也给10+3合作带来了挑战。中方期待本次会议进一步凝聚共识，传递出我们坚定支持区域一体化、推动建设东亚经济共同体的积极信号，造福地区国家人民，也为构建开放型世界经济注入正能量。

　　APT cooperation, now in its 20th year, was born from the joint efforts of Asian countries to tackle the financial crisis. Over the past 20 years, thanks to the concerted efforts of all parties, the APT cooperation framework has kept improving and incorporated broader areas. It has become one of the most full-fledged and productive cooperation frameworks in Asia, making positive contribution to peace, stability, development and prosperity in East Asia.

　　The world economy is now seeing an upward momentum, with global trade and investment starting to pick up and the international financial markets maintaining general stability. China-Japan and China-ROK relations are showing a momentum of improvement. All these have created new opportunities for APT cooperation. This said, the uneven global economic recovery, rising anti-globalization and protectionist sentiments and flare-ups of regional hotspots are also posing challenges to APT cooperation. China hopes that our meeting will build up consensus and send a positive message of our firm commitment to regional integration and to the building of the East Asia Economic Community (EAEC), which serves the interests of our countries and peoples and adds positive energy to fostering an open world economy.

　　各位同事，

　　Colleagues,

　　本次会议是10+3合作20周年纪念峰会，具有承前启后的重要意义。20年来，我们坚持以共同发展为核心，东亚地区经受住了两次金融危机的洗礼，成为世界上最具发展活力和潜力的地区之一，去年对世界经济增长的贡献率达到44%。我们坚持以区域一体化为方向，大力推动贸易和投资自由化便利化，东盟共同体建成，中国-东盟自贸区实现升级，中韩高标准自贸区建成，区域全面经济伙伴关系协定谈判迈出坚实步伐。我们坚持以务实合作为动力，24个领域的合作取得积极成果，打造了清迈倡议多边化、大米紧急储备、宏观经济研究办公室、东亚论坛等一大批旗舰项目。我们坚持以机制建设为保障，形成了以领导人会议为核心，以部长会议、高官会、大使级会议等为支撑的合作体系。成绩来之不易，经验弥足珍贵，值得我们倍加珍惜并发扬光大。

　　Our summit today is a commemorative event for the 20th anniversary of APT cooperation. As such, it has special significance for the future of this cooperation framework. Thanks to our commitment to common development in the past two decades, East Asia has stood the test of two financial crises and become one of the most dynamic and promising regions in the world. Together, we contributed 44% to world economic growth last year. Our efforts to advance regional integration through vigorous trade and investment liberalization and facilitation have delivered good results: the ASEAN Community has been established; the China-ASEAN Free Trade Area (FTA) has been upgraded; a high-standard China-ROK FTA has been set up; and RCEP negotiations have made solid progress. Practical cooperation has been the driving force for the APT process. Cooperation in 24 areas has yielded positive outcomes and produced a large number of flagship projects, such as the CMIM, APTERR, AMRO and East Asia Forum. We have worked on institution building to sustain APT cooperation. A framework with the leaders’ summit at the center, supported by ministerial, senior officials’ and ambassadorial meetings has been established. These hard-won achievements and valuable experience deserve to be cherished and carried forward.

　　构建东亚经济共同体是10+3合作的战略目标之一，符合地区国家人民的长远和根本利益，当前面临天时、地利、人和的难得机遇，应不失时机向前推进。中方主张，东亚经济共同体建设要秉持“一个宗旨”，即促进地区经济一体化，实现融合发展和共同发展;坚持“两个原则”，即坚持东盟的中心地位，坚持协商一致、开放包容、照顾各方舒适度的“东盟方式”;推进“三个层面合作”，即以10+3合作为主渠道，以东盟与中、日、韩三组10+1合作为基础，以中日韩、澜沧江-湄公河、东盟东部增长区等次区域合作为有益补充，使东亚经济共同体建设始终走在健康、稳定、可持续的道路上。

　　Building the EAEC has been one of the strategic objectives of APT cooperation and serves the long-term and fundamental interests of the people in the region. We now enjoy a rare opportunity, advantageous conditions and extensive support for advancing this worthy cause. And we should do so expeditiously. In China’s view, EAEC building needs to serve one purpose, follow two principles, and be advanced in three spheres. The “one purpose” is to promote regional economic integration to deliver integrated development and common progress. The “two principles” are the centrality of ASEAN and the ASEAN Way featuring consensus-building, openness and inclusiveness, and accommodating each other’s comfort level. It needs to be advanced at the “three spheres” with APT cooperation serving as the main channel, the three 10+1 as the basis, and sub-regional mechanisms such as China-Japan-ROK, Lancang-Mekong and BIMP-EAGA as useful supplement. All this will help put EAEC on a track of sound, steady and sustainable development.

　　今年6月，中方在长沙主办第15届东亚论坛，与会官产学界代表就推进东亚经济共同体建设进行了探讨，并制定了“东亚经济共同体蓝图”概念文件。中方认为，我们可以借鉴东盟共同体建设经验，制定东亚经济共同体蓝图，确定建设目标、量化指标、实现路径和时间表，从共识最多、基础最好的领域做起，逐步扩大合作领域、提升合作层次，让各国从合作中受益，不断增强建设东亚经济共同体的信心和动力。为此，我愿提出以下建议：

　　At the 15th East Asia Forum hosted by China in Changsha last June, representatives from governments, businesses and academia discussed EAEC development and drafted a concept paper entitled “East Asia Economic Community Blueprint”. We may draw on the experience of the ASEAN Community in formulating the blueprint, goals, quantitative indicators, roadmap and timetable for EAEC. Our cooperation may start from areas with the most extensive consensus and most solid foundation to be gradually expanded to more areas and upgraded to higher levels. We need to make sure that all countries will benefit from the process to generate greater confidence and incentive for EAEC building. In this connection, let me propose the following.

　　第一，大力推进贸易自由化便利化，逐步向单一市场迈进。去年10+3国家的贸易总额超过8万亿美元，占全球贸易1/4，其中近40%是区域内贸易，还有很大的潜力。各方应进一步扩大市场开放，削减关税和非关税壁垒，提高服务贸易和投资自由化便利化的水平，打造相互依赖的区域贸易链条，更大程度激发地区开放发展的活力和潜能。中方愿与有关方一道，加快推进中日韩自贸区谈判，并以更加积极的姿态推进区域全面经济伙伴关系协定谈判，为更长远的亚太自贸区铺平道路。建立东亚大通关合作机制，加强信息互换、监管互认、执法互助等方面的海关合作，探索推广国际贸易单一窗口。鼓励贸易方式创新，为跨境电子商务发展营造良好环境。

　　First, we need to vigorously promote trade liberalization and facilitation to move toward a single market step by step. Last year, the combined trade volume of APT countries exceeded 8 trillion US dollars, accounting for one quarter of the world’s total; yet only 40% of it was intra-regional trade, which means there is great potential to expand trade among ourselves. All parties need to further open their markets, reduce tariff and non-tariff barriers, enhance liberalization in services trade and investment facilitation, and foster interdependent regional trade chains. All this will help further open up our region and unleash greater dynamism and potential for our development. China will work with Japan and the ROK to expedite trilateral FTA negotiations and will take a more proactive approach in advancing RCEP negotiations to pave the way for the long-term goal of the FTAAP. It is also necessary to establish a pan-East Asia customs clearance cooperation mechanism to step up cooperation in information exchange, mutual regulatory recognition and mutual law-enforcement assistance in customs procedures. The practice of single window system for international trade should be adopted more extensively. Innovative forms of trade need to be encouraged to create enabling conditions for cross-border e-commerce.

　　第二，扩大产能和投资合作，打造互利共赢的产业链。10+3国家在劳动力、资源、技术、资金、市场、产业等方面各具优势，无论是开展水平分工还是垂直分工，都有巨大的合作空间。我们愿与各方一道，在扩大轻工、纺织、家电、建材、冶金等传统产业投资合作的同时，加快推进数字经济、智能经济、绿色经济、共享经济等新兴产业合作，构建共同参与、各获其利的产业链、价值链、创新链;在开展双边合作的同时，拓展三方合作空间;在发挥好大型企业龙头作用的同时，发挥好中小企业的配套协作作用，形成大中小企业融通发展格局。中方愿同各方共建“10+3中小企业服务联盟”，让更多中小企业从产业链合作中受益。一周后，中方将在深圳举办“10+3中小企业服务机构创新合作研讨会”，欢迎各方参与。中方支持继续举办10+3国际产能合作研讨会和中日韩国际产能合作论坛，为产能合作提供智力支撑。

　　Second, we need to expand industrial capacity and investment cooperation to forge industrial chains for win-win results. APT countries have respective strengths in labor, resources, technology, capital, market and industrial capacity. There is a great potential for further cooperation among us, be it through horizontal or vertical division of labor. While expanding investment cooperation in traditional sectors such as light industry, textiles, home appliances, construction materials and metallurgy, China is ready to advance cooperation in emerging sectors such as the digital economy, smart economy, green economy and sharing economy and in building industrial, value and innovation chains that we can all participate in and benefit from. Apart from bilateral cooperation, we should also look for opportunities to expand third-party cooperation; and while leveraging the leading role of big companies, we should give full play to the supportive roles of SMEs, so that businesses of all sizes can better integrate their operations. China is ready to work with other parties to develop an APT SME Service Alliance that will help more SMEs to benefit from industrial chain cooperation. In this connection, China will host an APT Seminar on Innovation Cooperation for SME Service Institutions in Shenzhen next week. The presence of your SMEs will be most welcome. China also supports the convening of the International Symposium on APT Industrial Capacity Cooperation and the International Forum for China-Japan-ROK Industrial Capacity Cooperation to increase intellectual input in such cooperation.

　　第三，加强基础设施合作，构建互联互通网络。互联互通是经济合作的基础，应当作为东亚经济共同体建设的优先方向之一。中方愿将“一带一路”倡议与东盟互联互通总体规划更好对接，在此基础上与各方共同探讨制定“东亚互联互通总体规划”，推动陆上、海上、天上、网上四位一体的联通。中方支持地区国家开展全方位物流信息共享合作，探讨将东北亚物流信息服务网络拓展到东盟地区，打造东亚大物流体系;支持建设东亚能源资源合作机制，保障能源资源安全;支持东亚海洋合作平台机制建设，促进海洋经济、环保、灾害管理、渔业等各领域合作。中方愿推动亚洲基础设施投资银行、丝路基金等为本地区互联互通提供更多融资支持。

　　Third, we need to strengthen infrastructure cooperation to develop connectivity networks. Connectivity as the very basis of economic cooperation should be a priority in building the EAEC. China will work for greater synergy between its Belt and Road Initiative and ASEAN’s Connectivity Master Plan and, on that basis, explore with regional countries a master plan for East Asia connectivity that comprises land, sea, air and cyber links. China supports all-dimensional sharing of logistics information by regional countries. We may explore the extension of the Northeast Asia Logistics Information Service Network to the ASEAN region to form an integrated logistics system across East Asia. China supports the creation of an East Asia energy and resources cooperation mechanism to buttress regional energy and resources security. The development of an East Asia maritime cooperation platform should also be encouraged for the purpose of boosting cooperation in marine economy, marine environment protection, disaster management and fishing. China will facilitate the provision of more financing support by the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank and the Silk Road Fund to connectivity endeavors in our region.

　　第四，深化金融合作，维护地区金融稳定。金融合作是10+3合作起步最早、成果最丰的领域之一，也是建设东亚经济共同体的重点。要共同推动构建地区金融合作体系，加强在货币稳定、投融资、信用评级等领域务实合作，做好清迈倡议多边化协议阶段性评估并提高协议的可用性、有效性和安全性，建设地区金融安全网。中方欢迎10+3宏观经济研究办公室成为联合国大会永久观察员，支持其更好发挥区域经济监测平台的作用。中方决定将出资支持区域信用担保与投资基金增资，促进亚洲债券市场发展。支持亚洲金融合作协会发挥维护地区和全球金融市场稳定的积极作用。

　　Fourth, we need to deepen financial cooperation to safeguard regional financial stability. Financial cooperation is one of the earliest and most fruitful areas of APT cooperation, and also a priority in building the EAEC. We need to jointly build up a regional financial cooperation system by strengthening cooperation in such areas as currency stability, investment, financing, and credit rating. We should do a good job in the periodic review of the CMIM, make it safer, more effective and more readily available, and add more building blocks to the regional financial safety net. China hails AMRO’s permanent observer status in the UN General Assembly and supports effective exercise of its role as a regional economic surveillance platform. China is committed to make contribution to CGIF’s capital increase to facilitate the development of the Asian bond market. We also support the positive role of the Asia Financial Cooperation Association in safeguarding the stability of regional and global financial markets.

　　第五，加强可持续发展合作，打造均衡包容普惠的地区发展格局。建设东亚经济共同体，应让各方广泛受益，特别是照顾好欠发达国家、弱势人群的关切。要落实联合国2030年可持续发展议程，继续加强粮食、能源、减贫等领域合作，让地区人民在共建共享发展中有更多获得感。为维护地区粮食安全，中方同泰方共同倡议本次领导人会议发表《10+3领导人关于粮食安全合作的声明》。中方支持加强10+3大米紧急储备机制建设，愿继续办好粮食安全合作战略圆桌会、东亚现代农业研修班等项目。中方正积极落实“东亚减贫合作倡议”，愿与地区国家在小型基础设施、公共服务等方面加强合作。中方愿与10+3各国加强减贫经验交流，共同探讨有东亚特色的减贫之路。

　　Fifth, we need to strengthen cooperation in sustainable development to make development in East Asia more balanced, inclusive and beneficial to all. In building the EAEC, we need to make sure that all parties benefit from the process and that the concerns of the less developed countries and the disadvantaged communities are duly accommodated. We need to implement the UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and intensify cooperation in food, energy and poverty reduction to make the process of development more fulfilling for our people as they participate in and gain from it. In the interest of regional food security, China and Thailand have co-sponsored an APT Leaders’ Statement on Food Security Cooperation to be adopted by this meeting. China also supports institution building for the APTERR and will continue to do our best in hosting such programs as the Roundtable Meeting on APT Food Security Cooperation Strategy and the Modern Agriculture Workshop for East Asian Countries. China is earnestly following through on the East Asia Cooperation Initiative on Poverty Reduction and stands ready to strengthen cooperation with regional countries on micro infrastructure and public services. China welcomes more experience sharing with other APT countries to jointly explore effective ways of poverty reduction tailored to the needs of our region.

　　第六，扩大人文交流合作，凝聚共同体意识。建设东亚经济共同体，根基在民间。要扩大人民之间的交往，推动文明互学互鉴，加深相互了解、信任和友谊。进一步加强旅游合作，简化签证、人员通关手续，鼓励互办旅游推广周、宣传月、旅游年等活动，营造便捷、安全、舒适的旅行环境。中方支持“东亚文化之都”同“东盟文化城市”开展更多交流互动，支持“10+3大学校长论坛”平台建设，愿继续办好“了解中国”、媒体合作研讨会、文化人力资源开发研讨班等项目。中方已率先完成向10+3合作基金增资，愿意继续推动基金主要用于人文交流，特别是青年往来项目。中方支持充分发挥东亚论坛、东亚思想库网络等二轨机制作用，继续为东亚经济共同体建设贡献智慧。

　　Sixth, we need to expand cultural and people-to-people exchange to instill a greater sense of community among our peoples. For the EAEC to be successful, it must be built on solid popular support. We need to encourage more interactions between our peoples and more mutual learning in the cultural sphere to forge deeper mutual understanding, greater trust and stronger friendship. We need to step up tourism cooperation, streamline visa and customs procedures, encourage more events such as designating specific weeks or months for tourism promotion purposes or declaring year of tourism, and make traveling easier, safer and more comfortable. China supports more interactions between the East Asia Cultural Cities and ASEAN Cultural Cities as well as the development of the APT Rectors’ Conference, and will continue to run the “Understanding China” program, the APT Media Cooperation Forum, the APT Workshop on Cooperation for Cultural Human Resource Development and other similar programs. China was the first to contribute to the replenishment of the APT Cooperation Fund, and will continue to encourage the Fund to channel resources to cultural and people-to-people programs, those for our young people in particular. China supports track II mechanisms such as the East Asia Forum and NEAT in contributing more insightful ideas and recommendations for EAEC building.

　　地区和平稳定是东亚合作的前提和基础。中国是朝鲜半岛的近邻，坚持实现朝鲜半岛无核化目标、坚持维护半岛及地区和平稳定、坚持通过对话协商解决面临的问题，是中方的坚定立场。中方为此提出了“双轨并行”思路和“双暂停”倡议，希望各方积极呼应，避免采取任何加剧局势紧张的言行，为推动以和平方式解决半岛问题发挥建设性作用。

　　Regional peace and stability is the basis and prerequisite for East Asia cooperation. As a close neighbor of the Korean Peninsula, China is firmly committed to the goal of denuclearization of the Peninsula, to peace and stability there and in this region, and to resolving the issue through dialogue and consultation. This is China’s unwavering position. To achieve the above-mentioned goals, China has put forth the “dual track” approach and the “suspension for suspension” initiative, which we hope will receive positive response from all parties. In the meantime, the parties concerned need to avoid any words or actions that may aggravate tensions, and play a constructive role for the peaceful resolution of the Peninsula issue.