2020翻译资格考试三级口译材料：中国经济
来源 :中华考试网 2020-06-12
中中国经济（英译汉）
China's economy, one of the fastest-growing economies in the world and the biggest contributor to global growth, grew 9.9 percent year-on-year in the first three quarters of this year, according to official figures released on Monday, showing a trend of a slowdown amid the current global financial crisis.
In the third quarter, the gross domestic product (GDP) growth rate slowed down to 9 percent, the lowest in five years, from 10.6 percent in the first quarter, 10.1 percent for the second quarter and 10.4 percent in the first half of 2008.
China's economic growth has been on a steady decline since peaking in the second quarter of 2007. The slowing world economy pummeled by the global financial crisis and weaker demand for Chinese exports on international markets heavily weighted on the Chinese economy, according to Li Xiaochao, spokesperson for the National Bureau of Statistics.
Another widely watched indicator, the consumer price index (CPI) -- an important measure of inflation -- rose 4.6 percent in September, over the same period last year.
The figure, coupled with 7.1 percent in June, 6.3 percent in July, 4.9 percent in August and a nearly 12-year-high of 8.7 percent in February, shows the CPI in a downward spiral.
Analysts mainly attribute the decline in the CPI to ample grain supply and lower-than-expected income growth of Chinese residents, as the housing and stock markets take heavy toll, which dented residents' desire to consume.
Chinese stocks have shed nearly 70 percent of their value from the last year's peak at 6,124 points due to weak investor confidence.
The stock market rose more than two percent on Monday amid expectation the government would unveil more measures to stimulate economy. The benchmark Shanghai Composite Index gained 43.36 points to close at 1,974.01 points.
Exports, one of the three major drivers of the Chinese economy along with investment and consumption, are taking hit from the global financial turmoil and economic slowdown. In the first three quarters exports grew 22.3 percent, 4.8 percent points lower than the same period last year.
Fixed assets investment totaled 11.6246 trillion yuan ($1.66 trillion) in the first three quarters of 2008, up 27.0 percent over the same period last year, according to the bureau.
The growth rate was 0.7 percentage points higher than the first half of this year, or 1.3 percentage points higher than the year-earlier level.
Another key economic indicator, retail sales, increased by 22 percent year-on-year in the first three quarters and climbed 23.2 percent in September alone. Analysts say China would have to further stimulate domestic consumption in order to push the economy forward amid an export slump.
"China still has huge potential and leeway to expand domestic consumption," Li said.
The combination of an economic slowdown and easing inflation may give rise to louder calls for loosening the monetary policy and adopting a more proactive fiscal policy.
Analysts expect more monetary easing, building on two cuts in interest rates and banks' required reserves since mid-September.
The State Council said on Sunday China's economy can weather the effects of the global financial turmoil, but growth will decline as business profits and public revenues slow.
In a statement at the end of an executive meeting presided by Premier Wen Jiabao, it said the global turmoil and economic instability will have a "gradual" effect on the country.
It said China's economic growth will slow along with corporate profits and public revenues, and as capital markets continue to fluctuate.
"Unfavorable international factors and the serious natural disasters at home have not changed the basic growth situation of our country's economy," said the statement posted on a government website. "Our country's economic growth has the ability and vigor to resist risks."
China must "adopt flexible and cautious macroeconomic policies" to maintain stable growth, the statement said.
The State Council said that in the fourth quarter, China should focus on developing the rural economy, while striving to control inflation.
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