汉译英翻译 筷子

　　筷子(chopstick)起源于中国古代，一直是中国饮食文化重要的一部分。我们的祖先喜欢吃蒸煮食物，但用勺子很难舀(spoon out)到汤里的蔬菜，所以发明了筷子。从此，筷子成为他们生活中最为方便的餐具(tableware),标志着饮食文明的到来。如今，筷子除了具有餐具功能外，增添了很多新功能。熟练手艺人在筷子 上描绘美丽的风景，使之变成精美的艺术品。许多人热衷于收集筷子作为藏品。

　　Chopsticks originated in ancient China and have been an important part of Chinese food culture. Our ancestors liked to have steamed or boiled food，but it was difficult for them to spoon out vegetables from the soup, so they invented chopsticks. Thus chopsticks have become the most convenient tableware in their life and marked the coming of food civilization. Nowadays，chopsticks are added many new functions besides being used as one kind of tableware. Skillful craftsmen paint beautiful sceneries on them to make them look like fine artworks. Many people are keen to gather them as their collections.

　　汉译英翻译：川菜

　　四川省会成都，物产富饶，人们享受着安逸悠闲的生活。众所周知成都人热爱生活，他们懂得放松休闲，还知道怎么把原材料变为诱人的美食。川菜的历史可以追溯到秦朝，现在是中国四大菜系之一，正所谓“食在中国，味在四川”。作为省会城市的成都，也有着深厚的饮食文化。成都菜食材丰富多样，这些食材的色，香，味，形在烹饪中都很重要，尤其是味。地道的成都菜靠的不仅是辣椒(chili)、花椒的麻辣，还有各种调味品(seasoning)的组合与平衡。——

　　Chengdu, the capital of Sichuan Province, is extremely productive, providing its people with cozy and relaxing lives. Chengdu people are known for their love of life. They know how to relax and have fun; they know how to transform raw ingredients into irresistibly delicious cuisine. Sichuan cuisine has a long history dating back to the Qin Dynasty (221-206 BC) and is known as one of the four major Chinese cuisines, just like the saying goes “go for food in China, go for taste in Sichuan.” As the capital city of Sichuan Province, Chengdu has an extensive food culture. Chengdu cuisine has a wide range of choice when it comes to cooking ingredients. The color, smell, taste and shape of a certain ingredient all matter in cooking, but most of all the taste. Authentic Chengdu food relies not only on the heat of chili and pepper but also the combination and balance of various seasonings.

　　敬茶礼仪

　　当今社会，客来敬茶已经成为人们日常社交和家庭生活中普遍的往来礼仪。俗话说:酒满茶半。上茶时应以右手端茶，从客人的右方奉上，并时带微笑。当然，喝茶的客人也要以礼还礼，双手接过，点头致谢。品茶时，讲究小口品饮，其妙趣在于意会而不可言传。另外，可适当称赞主人茶好。总之，敬茶是国人礼仪中待客的一种日常礼节，也是社会交往的一项内容，不仅是对客人、朋友的尊重, 也能体现自己的修养(self-cultivation)。

　　翻译：

　　Nowadays, offering tea to guests has becomecommon etiquette in daily social interaction andfamily life. As the saying goes, white spirit, full cup;tea, half cup. Tea cup should be held on the righthand and offered to guests with a smile from theirright side. Of course,the guests should pay respect as well, taking over the cup with bothhands and nodding to express his thanks. When tasting tea,you should drink it in small sips,the beauty and fun of which is beyond words. In addition, you could praise the tea of theowner appropriately. In short, offering tea is a daily ritual of Chinese people when receivingguests and it is also part of social interaction. It can not only show respect to guests andfriends, but also reflect your self-cultivation.

　　词汇详解：

　　1.敬茶:可以理解为“献茶”，故译为offer tea。

　　2.俗话说:可译为as the saying goes,固定译法。

　　3.酒满茶半:可译为white spirit，full cup;tea，halfcup。在中国的餐桌文化里，酒要倒满，而茶要倒半杯。

　　4.以礼还礼:可译为pay respect as well。

　　5.讲究小口品饮:即drink it in small sips。其中，sip作名词，意为“小口喝”;也可以作动词，例如Mike sipped hisdrink quickly.(迈克快速地喝了 一小口饮料。) 词组take a sip表示“喝一小口，抿一口。”

　　6.日常礼节:可译为daily ritual。

　　7.对客人、朋友的尊重:可译为动词词组，即show respect to guests and friends。

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